Table 1. Hepatic targets of AMPK.

Target	Enzymatic properties	Phosphorylation site(s)	Biological effect(s)	References
ACC1	↓ Activity	Ser79	↓ Lipogenesis	Munday et al. (1988)
ACC2	↓ Activity	Ser218	↑ Oxidation	Winder et al. (1997)
eEF2Kinase	↑ Activity	Ser398	↓ Protein synthesis	Horman et al. (2002)
				Browne et al. (2004)
GPAT	↓ Activity	?	↓ Triglyceride synthesis	Muoio et al. (1999)
HMG-CoA reductase	↓ Activity	Ser872	↓ Cholesterol synthesis	Clarke & Hardie (1990)
MCD	↑ Activity	?	↓ Malonyl CoA	Assifi et al. (2005)
PFK-2/FBPase-2	Weak kinetic effects	Ser22, Ser32	?	Guigas et al. (2006)
mTOR	↓ Activity	Thr2446	↓ Protein synthesis	Cheng et al. (2004)
TSC2	↑ Activity	Thr1227, Ser1345	↓ Protein synthesis	Inoki et al. (2003)