Table 5.

Measures of genetic diversity through time in each of the four lakes

	H	π	$\overline{H}$
1987
Apoyo	0.962 ± 0.040	0.004 ± 0.002	0.390 ± 0.221
Xiloa	0.909 ± 0.037	0.003 ± 0.002	0.309 ± 0.182
Masaya	0.952 ± 0.096	0.003 ± 0.002	0.412 ± 0.235
Nicaragua	0.974 ± 0.025	0.006 ± 0.004	0.460 ± 0.255
2001
Apoyo	0.502 ± 0.099	0.001 ± 0.001	0.453 ± 0.249
Xiloa	0.477 ± 0.134	0.002 ± 0.001	0.489 ± 0.276
Masaya	0.787 ± 0.042	0.004 ± 0.002	0.498 ± 0.271
Nicaragua	0.843 ± 0.044	0.005 ± 0.003	0.580 ± 0.309
2003
Apoyo	0.839 ± 0.041	0.002 ± 0.002	0.557 ± 0.298
Xiloa	0.840 ± 0.040	0.002 ± 0.001	0.619 ± 0.328
Masaya	0.850 ± 0.038	0.003 ± 0.002	0.678 ± 0.356
Nicaragua	0.975 ± 0.014	0.005 ± 0.003	0.742 ± 0.388
All Pooled
Apoyo	0.771 ± 0.040	0.002 ± 0.001	0.510 ± 0.274
Xiloa	0.870 ± 0.022	0.002 ± 0.001	0.433 ± 0.238
Masaya	0.863 ± 0.021	0.003 ± 0.002	0.585 ± 0.310
Nicaragua	0.926 ± 0.019	0.005 ± 0.003	0.554 ± 0.296

Measures for mtDNA are haplotype diversity (H) and nucleotide diversity (π; Nei, 1987). Also, the average gene diversity ($\overline{H}$) as estimated from microsatellite allelic diversity is given. All values are ± standard deviations. Significance of differences within lakes through time and between lakes in each time period are shown in Table 6 for mtDNA. For microsatellites, the only significant difference for $\overline{H}$ (p < 0.05) within time-samples was between lakes Xiloa and Nicaragua in 1987. $\overline{H}$ was only significantly greater (p < 0.05) in Lake Apoyo when comparing 1987 and 2003, in Lake Xiloa between 1987 and 2003, in Lake Masaya between 1987 and 2003 and 2001 and 2003, and in Lake Nicaragua between 1987 and 2003 and 2001 and 2003.