Table I. Relevant participant information.

Vowel tests were performed using materials from the Hillenbrand et al. (1995) vowel set (12 vowels, 5 male and 5 female speakers). Consonant tests were performed using materials from the Shannon et al. (1999) consonant set (20 consonants, 5 male and 5 female speakers).

Listener	Age	Gender	Years of implant experience	Device	Vowels (% correct)	Consonsants (% correct)
S1	76	F	11	N-22	38.3	52
S2	63	M	10	N-22	63	69
S3	57	F	13	N-24	59.6	63
S4	53	M	10	N-22	68.3	79.5
S5	47	M	12	N-22	85	80