Table 5.

The influence of lung function indicators, measured at baseline investigation, on the association between air pollution exposure (traffic, NO₂, PM₁₀) and cardiovascular mortality in a cohort of women aged 55 years at baseline investigation; results of a Cox' regression analysis.

	<50 m distance to major road			NO2[16 μg/m2] (five-year mean) 1			PM10[7 μg/m2] (five-year mean) 1
	RR	95%-CI	p-value	RR	95%-CI	p-value	RR	95%-CI	p-value
n/N		52/2478			42/2328			42/2328
Model (a), adjusted for potential confounders2	2.33	1.09–4.95	0.0288	1.91	1.22–2.98	0.0048	1.26	0.75–2.14	0.3882
Model (b), additionally estimated in strata defined by or adjusted3 for:
FEV1 < 80%				1.12	0.52–2.41	0.7683
	2.274	1.06–4.85	0.0339				1.144	0.67–1.95	0.6352
FEV1 ≥ 80%				2.23	1.27–3.89	0.0049
FVC < 80%	1.21	0.28–5.25	0.7951	1.13	0.57–2.22	0.7329
							1.134	0.66–1.93	0.6621
FVC ≥ 80%	3.20	1.30–7.85	0.0112	2.38	1.30–4.34	0.0047

¹ Analyses on long term exposure to air pollution were made on subjects who were living longer than five years under their current address.

² Educational level and smoking

³ if p-value of interaction between air pollution exposure and lung function indicator was greater 0.3

⁴ Common estimation for both strata because of no interaction between lung function indicator and air pollution exposure

Abbreviations:

RR: Risk ratio; CI: Confidence interval; n/N: number of dead and sample size; FEV₁: Forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC: Forced vital capacity

Model (a)/(b): see text