Table 2.
Frequency (%) of Discrimination and Delay in Care for 1,408 Adults by Race
| Total, n = 1,408 | Race | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| White, n = 573 (40.7) | African-American, n = 835 (59.3) | |||
| Internalization of discrimination | ||||
| Talk, act | 677 (49.9) | 218 (40.0) | 459 (56.5) | <0.001 |
| Talk, accept | 333 (24.5) | 154 (28.3) | 179 (22.0) | |
| Quiet, act | 107 (7.9) | 40 (7.3) | 67 (8.2) | |
| Quiet, accept | 241 (17.8) | 133 (24.4) | 108 (13.3) | |
| Lifetime racial discrimination, freq (%) yes | ||||
| At school | 228 (16.3) | 80 (14.0) | 148 (17.9) | 0.055 |
| Getting a job | 245 (17.5) | 50 (8.7) | 195 (23.6) | <0.001 |
| At work | 276 (19.7) | 58 (10.2) | 218 (26.3) | <0.001 |
| Getting housing | 114 (8.2) | 28 (4.9) | 86 (10.4) | <0.001 |
| Getting medical care | 102 (7.3) | 34 (6.0) | 68 (8.2) | 0.120 |
| From the police or courts | 357 (25.6) | 90 (15.9) | 267 (32.2) | <0.001 |
| At a store or other place | 278 (19.9) | 56 (9.8) | 222 (26.8) | <0.001 |
| Lifetime racial discrimination score* | ||||
| No discrimination experiences | 682 (48.4) | 350 (61.1) | 332 (39.8) | <0.001 |
| 1–2 experiences | 483 (34.3) | 177 (30.9) | 306 (36.7) | |
| >2 experiences | 243 (17.3) | 46 (8.0) | 197 (23.6) | |
| Lifetime medical discrimination | ||||
| Yes | 102 (7.3) | 34 (6.0) | 68 (8.2) | 0.120 |
| Racial discrimination in the past year | ||||
| Yes | 479 (34.0) | 128 (22.3) | 351 (42.0) | <0.001 |
| Medical discrimination in the past year | ||||
| Yes | 70 (5.0) | 24 (4.3) | -46 (5.6) | 0.266 |
| Delay in seeking and adherence to medical care items[24] | ||||
| Delays in seeking care | ||||
| Delayed seeking needed medical care | 538 (38.3) | 237 (41.5) | 301 (36.1) | 0.040 |
| Never sought medical attention? | 427 (30.4) | 196 (34.4) | 231 (27.7) | 0.007 |
| Adherence issues | ||||
| Did not fill a prescription | 436 (31.2) | 181 (31.8) | 255 (30.6) | 0.639 |
| Did not come for a follow-up visit | 533 (37.9) | 210 (36.8) | 323 (38.7) | 0.459 |
| Did not follow doctor’s advice | 407 (29.1) | 183 (32.1) | 224 (27.0) | 0.037 |
| Delay in seeking and adherence to medical advice score† | ||||
| Few | 746 (53.0) | 291 (50.8) | 455 (54.5) | 0.171 |
| Several | 662 (47.0) | 282 (49.2) | 380 (45.5) | |
*Based on the 7 racial discrimination questions in the “Population Methods” section.
†Delayed care score based on the 5 questions in the “Population Methods” section; few indicates ≤1 issue and several indicates ≥2 issues.