Table 2.
Demographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | African American (n=149) | European American (n=139) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 59.5 (15.95) | 63.9 (14.9) | 0.016 | |
|
| ||||
| Body Mass Index, mean (SD) | 29.7 (7.56) | 28.9 (7.3) | 0.38 | |
|
| ||||
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 70 (47.7) | 68 (48.9) | 0.83 | |
| Male | 78 (52.3) | 71 (51.1) | ||
|
| ||||
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Current | 30 (20.1) | 20 (14.4) | 0.28 | |
| Never | 48 (32.2) | 55 (39.6) | ||
| Past | 48 (32.2) | 42 (30.2) | ||
|
| ||||
| Alcohol (drinks per week) | ||||
| 0 | 110 (73.8) | 87 (62.6) | 0.013 | |
| 1–7 | 22 (14.8) | 40 (28.8) | ||
| >8 | 13 (8.7) | 8 (5.7) | ||
|
| ||||
| No Medical Insurance | 33 (22.1) | 11 (7.9) | 0.0009 | |
|
| ||||
| Education | ||||
| < High School | 53 (35.6) | 14 (10.0) | ||
| High School | 70 (47.0) | 58 (41.7) | <0.0001 | |
| College | 23 (15.4) | 48 (34.5) | ||
| Graduate School | 1 (0.7) | 17 (12.2) | ||
|
| ||||
| Yearly Income | ||||
| <15,000 | 51 (34.2) | 19 (13.7) | ||
| 15,000–25,000 | 61 (40.9) | 30 (21.6) | <0.0001 | |
| 25,000–50,000 | 33 (22.1) | 40 (28.8) | ||
| 50,000–100,000 | 2 (1.3) | 38 (27.3) | ||
| >100,000 | 1 (0.7) | 10 (7.2) | ||
|
| ||||
| Level of Physical Activity | ||||
| Wheelchair bound | 8 (5.4) | 7 (5.0) | ||
| Uses Walker/Cane | 25 (16.8) | 12 (8.6) | 0.07 | |
| Ambulates without assistance | 37 (24.8) | 28 (20.1) | ||
| Physically active | 78 (52.3) | 87 (62.5) | ||
| Consistent/Intensive exercise | 1 (0.7) | 5 (3.6) | ||
|
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| Site of thromboembolism* | ||||
| Arterial | 55 (36.9) | 56 (40.3) | 0.55 | |
| Venous | 50 (33.6) | 33 (23.7) | 0.07 | |
| Both | 13 (8.7) | 13 (9.3) | 0.85 | |
| None | 31 (20.8) | 37 (26.7) | 0.24 | |
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| Comorbidity | ||||
| Hypertension | 84 (56.4) | 57 (41.0) | 0.009 | |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 48 (32.2) | 50 (36.0) | 0.50 | |
| Heart disease | 67 (45.0) | 64 (46.0) | 0.85 | |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 49 (32.9) | 42 (30.2) | 0.62 | |
| Renal Disease | 32 (21.5) | 19 (13.7) | 0.08 | |
| OCP/HRT | 7 (4.7) | 7 (5.0) | 0.89 | |
|
| ||||
| Prior Thromboembolic event | ||||
| Venous thromboembolism | 59 (39.6) | 36 (25.9) | 0.013 | |
| Stroke | 41 (27.5) | 34 (24.5) | 0.55 | |
| CAD/MI | 49 (32.9) | 51 (36.7) | 0.49 | |
|
| ||||
| Family history of: | ||||
| Venous Thrombosis | 19 (12.7) | 12 (8.6) | 0.34 | |
| Arterial thrombosis | 110 (73.8) | 109 (78.4) | 0.36 | |
Mean (SD) displayed for continuous variables and frequency counts (column percent) for categorical variables Information on missing for smoking (45 patients), alcohol (8 patients), income/education/medical insurance (2 patients).
*
Arterial thromboembolism includes patients with MI, Stroke & TIA. Venous thromboembolism includes patients with DVT & PE. Both include patients with venous and arterial events. None includes patients with no thromboembolic events (e.g. Atrial Fibrillation), Significant p-values bolded