Table 3.
Contingency table illustrating association of ecological risk factors with the aggregated index of agroecological region at the herd-level (n = 100 cow-calf herds)
| Agroecological region
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ecological risk factor | Level of risk factor | Grassland | Montane | Parkland | Boreal forest | Significance (P-value)a |
| Soil pH | <7.0 | 7 | 2 | 39 | 31 | < 0.001 |
| ≤7.0 | 13 | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
| Arid climate (soil moisture limited) | No | 0 | 0 | 21 | 31 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 20 | 6 | 22 | 0 | ||
| Salt in soil | No | 12 | 6 | 35 | 31 | 0.001 |
| Yes | 8 | 0 | 8 | 0 | ||
| Heat limitation | Area 2 (low) | 14 | 6 | 32 | 0 | < 0.001 |
| for cropping | Areas 3, 4, and 5 (high) | 6 | 0 | 11 | 31 | |
a
P-values were derived from asymptotic Pearson chi-square 2-sided tests of association comparing agroecological region to each of the other ecological risk factors