Table 1.
Characteristics | Patients with co-morbidity | Patients without co-morbidity | P-value |
(n = 649–6621) | (n = 242–2441) | ||
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 67 ± 10 | 64 ± 11 | 0.000*** |
Females [n, (%)] | 422(63) | 132 (54) | 0.008** |
Marital status [n, (%)] | |||
Married | 411 (62) | 160 (65) | 0.155 |
Housing [n,%] | |||
Living alone | 227 (34) | 62 (25) | 0.008** |
Basic education [n,%] | |||
Low level | 544 (82) | 190(78) | 0.130 |
Professional examination [n,%] | |||
Low level | 486 (75) | 175 (73) | 0.279 |
Employment status {n, (%)] | |||
Retired | 546 (82) | 172(71) | 0.000*** |
Health status [n, (%)] | |||
Fair or poor | 497 (75) | 133 (55) | 0.000*** |
VAS2 (mean ± SD) | 62 ± 26 | 76 ± 24 | 0.000*** |
BMI3 (mean ± SD) | 28.8 ± 4 | 27.2 ± 4 | 0.000*** |
1Number of observation varies due to missing values; 2VAS, visual analog scale (100 the worst, 0 the best value); 3BMI, body mass index (wt/ht2); ** P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001