Table 1.
Study and patient characteristics of studies included in meta-analysis
| Variable | Cisowski (2002)w6 w7 | Drenth (2002)w2 w3 | Shirai (2004)w9 | Iakovou (2002)w11 | Diegeler (2002)w13 | Reeves (2004)w1 | Hong (2005)w14 | Kim (2005)w15 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study design | Prospective randomised | Prospective randomised | Prospective non-randomised | Retrospective | Prospective randomised | Prospective randomised | Prospective randomised | Prospective randomised |
| Country | Poland | Netherlands | United States | United States | Germany | United Kingdom | South Korea | South Korea |
| Duration of study (months) | 12 | 36 | 92 | 39 | 48 | 12 | 9 | 24 |
| No of patients: | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 50 | 51 | 429 | 441 | 110 | 50 | 119 | 50 |
| MIDCAB group | 50 | 51 | 152 | 119 | 110 | 50 | 70 | 50 |
| Mean (SD) age (years): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 53.3 (10.2) | 61 (1.3) | 63 (11) | 63 (12) | 62.5 (10.2) | 54.5 (49-61)* | 60.5 (9.6) | 61 (12) |
| MIDCAB group | 54.1 (9.1) | 60 (1.6) | 61 (12) | 62 (12) | 61.6 (10.0) | 58.8 (53–67)* | 61.4 (9.9) | 63 (12) |
| Men (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 84 | 75 | 65 | 68 | 72 | 86 | 64 | 60 |
| MIDCAB group | 82 | 78 | 73 | 71 | 77 | 70 | 64 | 70 |
| Patients with diabetes (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 8 | 18 | 24 | 22 | 34 | — | 37 | 20 |
| MIDCAB group | 6 | 24 | 26 | 17 | 25 | — | 49 | 15 |
| Patients with hypertension (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 52 | 33 | 53 | 54 | 72 | — | 50 | 55 |
| MIDCAB group | 56 | 16 | 59 | 55 | 71 | — | 56 | 55 |
| Smokers (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 52 | 30 | 19 | 46 | 25 | — | 40 | 45 |
| MIDCAB group | 48 | 37 | 15 | 56 | 25 | — | 46 | 55 |
| Previous myocardial infarction (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | — | 18 | 43 | 22 | 45 | — | 22 | 22 |
| MIDCAB group | — | 24 | 37 | 22 | 45 | — | 23 | 22 |
| Angina class 0-2† (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 52 | 27 | — | — | — | — | 53 | 24 |
| MIDCAB group | 46 | 31 | — | — | — | — | 49 | 36 |
| Unstable angina (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 10 | — | — | 68 | — | — | 50 | 65 |
| MIDCAB group | 8 | — | — | 60 | — | — | 43 | 55 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 78 | 45 | 60 | 60 | 70 | — | 55 | 60 |
| MIDCAB group | 76 | 41 | 62 | 72 | 73 | — | 51 | 70 |
| Previous cerebrovascular event (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | — | — | 6.3 | 6.4 | — | — | 2.5 | 2 |
| MIDCAB group | — | — | 4.2 | 6.8 | — | — | 2.9 | 2 |
| Family history of coronary artery disease (%): | ||||||||
| PTCS group | 40 | 50 | — | — | 18 | — | 9 | — |
| MIDCAB group | 44 | 46 | — | — | 17 | — | 10 | — |
| Mean (SD) ejection fraction %: | ||||||||
| PTCS group | — | — | 51 (11) | 52 (12) | 62 (15) | — | 52.8 (8.8) | 51 (11) |
| MIDCAB group | — | — | 53 (11) | 48 (7) | 63 (11) | — | 51.9 (9.1) | 49 (13) |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Matching criteria‡ | 1, 2, 4-8 | 1, 2, 4 | 1, 2, 5 | 8 | 1, 2 | 1, 2, 4 | 1 | 1, 2, 7 |
PTCS=percutaneous transluminal coronary artery stenting; MIDCAB=minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass with left internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending artery anastomosis.
*Standard deviation (interquartile range).
†Canadian Cardiovascular Society criteria.
‡1=isolated severe stenosis (≥50%) in proximal left anterior descending artery; 2=agreement that equivalent revascularisation possible; 3=multivessel disease; 4=severe angina; 5=artery diameter ≥3 mm; 6=lesion length ≥20 mm; 7=no other significant coronary lesions; 8=ejection fraction 40%-45%.