Table 1.
Automatic inclusion |
Hunner’s ulcer |
Positive factors (2 must be present for inclusion) |
Pain on bladder filling relieved by emptying |
Pain (suprapubic, pelvic, urethral, vaginal, or perineal) |
Glomerulations on cystoscopy |
Decreased compliance on cystometrogram |
Exclusions |
Nocturia < 2 times per night |
Symptom duration < 12 mo |
Bladder capacity > 400 mL |
Involuntary bladder contractions |
Other causes of symptoms: bladder cancer, cystitis (radiation, tuberculous, bacterial), vaginitis, active herpes, bladder or lower ureteral calculi, involuntary bladder contractions |
NIDDK, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Adapted with permission from Gillenwater JY and Wein AJ.17