Effects of treatment on relative mRNA concentrations of PPARα-responsive genes in livers of pregnant rats and fetuses. Effect of short-term (d 16 – d 21 of pregnancy, left) and long-term (d 1 – d 21 of pregnancy, right) administration of three different diets (control, oxidized fat, clofibrate) during pregnancy on relative mRNA concentrations of ACO, CYP4A1, CPT I, MCAD, and LCAD in the liver of pregnant rats and fetuses at d 21 of pregnancy. Left, Bars represent mean ± SD (n = 9/group). Right, Bars represent mean ± SD (n = 12/group). Bars marked without a common superscript letter differ (P < 0.05). Results from one-way ANOVA (P-values): short-term experiment: ACO, P = 0.0001 (pregnant), P = 0.001 (fetus); CYP4A1, P = 0.0001 (pregnant), P = 0.002 (fetus); L-CPT I, P = 0.013 (pregnant), P = 0.012 (fetus); MCAD, P = 0.042 (pregnant), P = 0.001 (fetus); LCAD, P = 0.001 (pregnant), P = 0.03 (fetus); long-term experiment: ACO, P = 0.0001 (pregnant), P = 0.015 (fetus); CYP4A1, P = 0.0001 (pregnant), P = 0.001 (fetus); L-CPT I, P = 0.016 (pregnant), P = 0.011 (fetus); MCAD, P = 0.001 (pregnant), P = 0.019 (fetus); LCAD, P = 0.001 (pregnant), P = 0.001 (fetus).