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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Analyt Chem. 2007 Jan;26(1):68–79. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2006.11.015

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Schematic diagrams of typical optical arrangements of microfluidic chip laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection systems: E, excitation source; F, fluorescence; L, lens; O, optical fiber [53].