Skip to main content
. 2007 Mar 5;104(11):4647–4652. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0610282104

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

VEGF-Flk-1 receptor signaling is required and sufficient for subchronic behavioral responses to desipramine. (A–B) Following LH training, rats received desipramine/saline and infusions of SU5416/vehicle and were tested in LH and FST. Quantification of escape failures and escape latency in (A). [Failures: main effect DMI: F(1, 28) = 13.790, P < 0.01; main effect SU5416: F(1, 28) = 5.062, P < 0.05; DMI × SU5416: F(1, 28) = 1.623, n.s.; Latency: main effect DMI: F(1, 28) = 9.725, P < 0.01; main effect SU5416: F(1, 28) = 3.681, P = 0.06; DMI × SU5416: F(1, 28) = 0.702, n.s.] The FST consisted of one 15-min session, and behaviors were scored by using a sampling technique described in Materials and Methods. (B) Quantification of immobility and climbing behaviors (see Results for swimming) [Immobility: main effect DMI: F(1, 18) = 7.355, P < 0.05; main effect SU5416: F(1, 18) = 0.926, n.s.; DMI × SU5416: F(1, 18) = 11.791, P < 0.01; Climbing: main effect DMI: F(1, 18) = 29.443, P < 0.01; main effect SU5416: F(1, 18) = 4.860, P < 0.05; DMI × SU5416: F(1, 18) = 4.1974, P = 0.05]. Learned helplessness training was followed by continuous i.c.v. infusions of recombinant VEGF164 (10 ng/h). (C) Quantification of escape failures and escape latency from LH test [Failures: F(1, 17) = 4.021, P ≤ 0.05; Latency: F(1, 17) = 3.202, P = 0.09]. (D) Quantification of FST data [Immobility: F(1, 10) = 10.737, P < 0.01; Swim: F(1, 10) = 7.173, P < 0.05; Climb: F(1, 10) = 6.047, P < 0.05; n = 5–6 per group]. ∗, P ≤ 0.05; ∗∗, P ≤ 0.01; +, P ≤ 0.1; n.s., P > 0.1.