Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients
| HIV DNA in cell type | Patients* | Age, years | Gender† | CD4 count per mm3 | Viral load, copies per ml‡ | Present medications§
|
Duration of present treatment, months (or year of diagnosis) | Response to HAART¶ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PI | NRT | NNRT | Other | ||||||||
| CD4 | CSS9 | 44 | M | 257 | <400 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 4 | + |
| CSS12 | 37 | M | 522 | <400 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 7 | + | |
| H1 | 41 | M | 659 | 4,266 | — | — | — | — | Naive (1985) | NA | |
| Met91 | 43 | F | 268 | 36,349 | — | — | — | — | Naive (1990) | NA | |
| CD4 DN | CSS22 | 33 | M | 241 | 632 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 6 | + |
| CSS25 | 37 | F | 265 | 1,318 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 3 | + | |
| CSS21 | 36 | M | 437 | <400 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 22 | + | |
| CSS8.1 | 44 | M | 717 | 546 | — | 3 | — | — | 8 | + | |
| CSS8.2 | — | — | 595 | <400 | — | 3 | 1 | — | 6 | + | |
| CSS10 | 34 | F | 337 | <400 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 11 | + | |
| CSS15 | 53 | M | 469 | 18,109 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 1 | + | |
| CSS13 | 39 | M | 92 | <500 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 7 | + | |
| CSS23 | 44 | M | 287 | <25 | 1 | 2 | — | T | 18 | + | |
| CSS26 | 25 | T | 96 | 198,996 | — | — | — | — | Naive (1995) | NA | |
| Met70 | 44 | M | 354 | 15,930 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 6 | − | |
| Met90.1 | 39 | M | 253 | 64,000 | 1 | 1 | — | T | 1 | − | |
| Met90.2 | — | — | 195 | 53,000 | 1 | 1 | — | T | 2 | − | |
| Met90.3 | — | — | 220 | <400 | 1 | 2 | 1 | T | 7 | + | |
| CD4 DN CD8 | CSS19 | 47 | M | 518 | 157,000 | — | — | — | Zl | 1 | − |
| CSS20 | 38 | M | 141 | 121,292 | — | — | — | — | — | − | |
| CSS24 | 39 | T | 303 | >1,000,000 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | − | |
| CSS3 | 47 | M | 146 | 100,479 | — | — | — | — | — | − | |
| CSS18 | 36 | F | 965/363 | <400/233,272 | 1 | 3 | — | — | 5 | NA | |
| CSS16.1 | 45 | M | 388 | 9,000 | — | — | — | — | Naive (1991) | NA | |
| CSS16.2 | — | — | 566 | 11,498 | — | — | — | — | — | NA | |
Patients are arranged in three groups: HIV detectable (i) in only CD4, (ii) in CD4 and DN, and (iii) in CD4, DN and CD8. For CSS23 (see below), one experiment (shown in Fig 2A) revealed HIV DNA only in DN cells, but in another experiment, HIV DNA was also found in CD4 T cells.
CSS denotes patients from an AIDS clinic at New York Hospital (NYH); Met denotes a methadone maintenance clinic at NYH; and H denotes a hemophilia clinic at NYH.
M, male; F, female; T, transgender (genetic male on female hormones).
Viral copies per ml were assessed by RNA PCR (Roche Diagnostics), or by bDNA assay (Chiron) in CSS13 and CSS23. When two values are indicated (CSS18), the experimental sample was obtained within a few months in between.
The number of HAART medicines within each class of drugs is indicated. PI, protease inhibitors (Crixivan, indinavir; Viracept, nelfinavir; Invirase, saquinavir); NRT, nucleoside RT inhibitors (Zidovine, AZT; Zerit, D4T; Epivir, 3TC; Hivid, DDC; Videx, DDI); NNRT, nonnucleoside RT inhibitors (Viramune, nevirapine; Rescriptor, dilavridine); and other (T, interleukin-2; ZI, Zintevir, AR177, an integrase inhibitor).
Response to HAART is defined as >70% decrease in the viral load or consistently undetectable viral load. NA, not applicable.