Table 1.
Typology of expressions included in and excluded from an ontology in light of relevance and relation to external reality
|
Reality |
Under-standing |
Encoding |
G | E | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OE | ORV | BE | BRV | Int. | Ref. | |||
| P+1
|
Y |
Y
|
Y |
Y
|
Y
|
R+
|
G1
|
0
|
| A+1 | N | – | N | – | – | – | G2 | 0 |
| A+2
|
Y |
N
|
Y |
N
|
–
|
–
|
G3
|
0
|
| P-1 | N | – | Y | Y | Y | ¬R | – | 3 |
| P-2 | N | – | Y | Y | N | ¬R | G4 | 4 |
| P-3 | N | – | Y | Y | N | R− | G5 | 5 |
| P-4 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | ¬R | G4 | 1 |
| P-5 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | R− | G5 | 2 |
| P-6 | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | R+ | G1 | 1 |
| P-7 | Y | N | Y | Y | N | ¬R | G4 | 2 |
| P-8
|
Y |
N
|
Y |
Y
|
N
|
R−
|
G5
|
3
|
| A-1 | Y | Y | Y | N | – | – | G3 | 1 |
| A-2 | Y | Y | N | – | – | – | G2 | 1 |
| A-3 | N | – | Y | N | – | – | G3 | 1 |
| A-4 | Y | N | N | – | – | – | G2 | 1 |
Legend: OE: objective existence; ORV: objective relevance; BE: belief in existence; BRV: belief in relevance; Int.: intended encoding; Ref.: manner in which the expression refers; G: typology which results when the factor of external reality is ignored. E: number of errors when measured against the benchmark of reality. P/A: presence/absence of term. (See text for details.)