Fig.2.

Sequence alignment of K_v channel voltage sensor toxins.

Shading indicates similarity to hanatoxin. Mutation of red and pink residues in SGTx cause dramatic (ΔΔG>1.5 kcal mol⁻¹) and moderate (ΔΔG=1-1.5 kcal mol⁻¹) perturbations in toxin binding to K_v2.1, respectively (Wang et al., 2004). Numbers to the right are % similarity to hanatoxin. Several toxins other than those that target K_v channels have been included for purposes of discussion, including GrTx-SIA and ProTx1 which were originally isolated as inhibitors of Ca_v channels, and GsMTx4, an inhibitor of stretch activated cation channels. See text for references.