Table 3.

Overview of participants' experience of traumatic incidents occurring since the start of the conflict (1994). (Participants could report more then one event)

	Chechnya		Ingushetia
	n = 256	%	n = 283	%
Exposure to violent events
No exposure to conflict	15	6%	5	2%
Aerial bombardments	206	80.5%	220	77.7%
Mopping-up operations	206	80.5%	217	76.7%
Mortar fire	183	71.5%	194	68.6%
Attack on house/village	178	69.5%	205	72.5%
Cross-fire	158	61.7%	170	59.7%
Taking risks to find food	119	46.5%	125	44.2%
Burning of houses	114	44.5%	117	41.3%
Witnessed events
Arrests	136	53.1%	137	48.4%
Maltreatment	144	56.2%	126	44.5%
Killings	58	22.7%	68	24.1%
Torture	14	5.4%	16	5.6%
Rape	2	0.8%	7	2.5%
Known instances of rape	181	71.1%	204	72.1%
Self-experienced events
Maltreatment	66	25.8%	58	20.5%
Detention and hostage	25	9.8%	27	9.5%
Kidnapped	18	7%	21	7.4%
Forced labour	15	5.8%	23	8.1%
Torture	7	2.7%	11	3.9%
Injured by mine	1	0.4%	5	1.8%
Arrests/disappearances:
Nuclear family	57	22.3%	54	19.1%
Extended family, friend, neighbour	71	27.7%	65	23.0%
Friend neighbour	149	58.2%	118	41.7
Other	126	49.2%	108	38.2
Material losses
Loss of house	249	97.3%	250	88.3%
Loss of all possessions	254	99.2%	268	94.7%