Figure 3.

From DNA to mRNA expression: proto-genon, pre-genon and genon: (1) the genomic domain (line A) with exons (light green) and fragments of coding sequences (dark green) as well as intra-genic and inter-genic (not shown) DNA, contains instructions for modelling and activation of chromatin; this constitutes the proto-genon (A′). (2) From these, a pre-mRNA (B) or a FDT with its pre-genon (B′) may spring off. The latter may contain gene fragments subject to differential splicing; shown is the case of a pre-mRNA containing the two ORFs 1 and 2. (3) After processing and splicing, the two mRNAs are created with their respective genons and, thereafter, the two gene equivalents, the mRNAs (1) and (2). (4) After translation, peptides 1 and 2 secure two functions. If the gene is a functional RNA, the the same formalism applies. Inset: To the proto-genon, pre-genon and genon signals (oligomotifs) carrying distinct instructions for specific steps of processing and gene expression (left), correspond factors from the transgenon (right), in active or inactive states, which may (or not) implement the corresponding control.