Table 5.
Correlation of Immunohistochemistry and Serological Assays as Diagnostic Tests in 31 Fatal Cases of Nipah Virus Infection*
| Test results | Positive cases/total tested | % Positive cases |
|---|---|---|
| Serology (either serum or CSF) | ||
| IgM-positive | 28/31 | 90 |
| IgG-positive | 9/31 | 29 |
| IgM- and/or IgG-positive | 29/31 | 94 |
| Immunohistochemistry (IHC) | 27/31 | 87 |
| Combined Serology and IHC | ||
| Both serology and IHC-negative | 0/31 | 0 |
| Both serology and IHC-positive | 25/31† | 81 |
| Either serology or IHC-positive | 31/31 | 100 |
*Correlation of IHC and serology was done in 31 cases; one IHC-positive case (case 15) was excluded because serology was not done.
†In four cases (cases 14, 19, 20, 31), the IHC was negative and serology was positive. In two cases, the IHC was positive with negative serology (cases 16 and 27).