Relative signal intensity for slow reactions. 2.0 μM 12+ was combined with standards and catechols: 2 (•), p-hydroquinone (▪), dopamine (○), DOPAC (□), epinephrine (⋄), and norepinephrine (▵). Straight lines are least-squares fittings on the linear ranges. Detection lengths were (a) 3.0 and (b) 8.0 cm, respectively.