Figure 8.

Proposed pathways of constitutive signaling in hairy cells. This figure shows the schematic representation of the possible associations into two parallel pathways of active signaling components detected in HCs. PKCε plays a central role, controlling the activation of p60^src, Rac1, and ERK. PKCε is itself activated through nitration of tyrosine residues by the presence of ROS and NO. ROS contribute to constitutive HC activation through potentiation of protein tyrosine kinase signaling by inhibiting the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1.