Table 2.
ARTIFACTS | ANIMALS | ||||
Familiarity | Complexity | Familiarity | Complexity | ||
Anchor | 3.0 | 2.55 | Baboon | 2.5 | 4.2 |
Armchair | 4.05 | 2.65 | Bat | 3.6 | 4.55 |
Bandaid | 4.15 | 1.3 | Bird | 3.4 | 3.65 |
Banjo | 2.85 | 3.7 | Camel | 3.6 | 2.9 |
Bathtub | 2.9 | 3.4 | Cat1 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
Bed | 3.95 | 2.75 | Cat2 | 3.2 | 2.4 |
Belt | 3.6 | 1.65 | Cow | 2.9 | 3.15 |
Bike | 4.4 | 4.25 | Deer | 3.3 | 2.8 |
Book | 3.95 | 1.8 | Dinosaur | 3.1 | 1.95 |
Bottle | 2.35 | 1.15 | Dog1 | 4.0 | 2.45 |
Broom | 4.15 | 2.3 | Dog2 | 3.75 | 2.35 |
Brush | 3.2 | 3.3 | Dog3 | 3.7 | 2.4 |
Canoe | 3.0 | 3.8 | Dolphin | 3.63 | 1.35 |
Car | 4.25 | 3.65 | Donkey | 3.2 | 2.25 |
Cart | 2.95 | 2.9 | Duck1 | 3.6 | 3.05 |
Chair | 4.2 | 2.35 | Duck2 | 3.9 | 2.85 |
Clock | 4.35 | 2.6 | Falcon | 3.35 | 4.3 |
Comb | 4.4 | 2.75 | Fawn | 3.4 | 3.5 |
Compass | 2.4 | 3.5 | Fox | 2.45 | 3.6 |
Crib | 3.3 | 3.1 | Goat | 3.0 | 2.4 |
Doll | 3.25 | 3.85 | Gorilla | 2.9 | 4.3 |
Door | 4.2 | 3.05 | Hen | 3.25 | 3.7 |
Fork | 4.05 | 2.95 | Horse | 3.7 | 3.1 |
Garbage | 3.6 | 2.4 | Kangaroo | 3.2 | 2.2 |
Glass | 3.65 | 1.9 | Lamb | 3.3 | 3.55 |
Globe | 3.9 | 3.2 | Leopard | 3.1 | 4.3 |
Guitar | 4.0 | 3.45 | Lizard | 2.4 | 3.3 |
Ladder | 3.95 | 2.2 | Llama | 2.65 | 2.95 |
Mailbox | 3.4 | 2.9 | Lynx | 2.4 | 3.75 |
Microscope | 3.95 | 3.9 | Monkey | 3.4 | 3.75 |
Motorboat | 3.8 | 3.85 | Moose | 3.25 | 2.6 |
Paint | 3.15 | 3.15 | Mouse | 3.95 | 2.75 |
Piano | 4.05 | 4.7 | Octopus | 2.85 | 4.35 |
Pipe | 3.4 | 2.7 | Panda | 3.55 | 3.3 |
Purse | 3.5 | 3.6 | Parrot | 2.45 | 4.15 |
Radio | 2.9 | 4.65 | Peacock | 2.6 | 4.8 |
Scale | 3.35 | 3.7 | Penguin | 3.95 | 3.25 |
Spoon | 3.35 | 2.9 | Pig | 3.5 | 1.25 |
Telescope | 3.3 | 3.75 | Rabbit | 3.85 | 1.95 |
Television | 4.0 | 3 | Raccoon | 2.55 | 3.3 |
Trumpet | 3.25 | 3.7 | Seagull | 3.1 | 2.65 |
Tuba | 3.4 | 3.5 | Sparrow | 3.45 | 3.55 |
Typewriter | 3.6 | 4.45 | Spider | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Vacuum cleaner | 4.3 | 3.85 | Tiger | 3.6 | 4.45 |
Total | 3.6208 | 3.1318 | 3.2761 | 3.1986 |
Familiarity and complexity ratings [27]were obtained from an independent group of 20 subjects with 5-point scales. For the familiarity rating scale 5 = very familiar, 4 = fairly familiar, 3 = neither familiar nor unfamiliar, 2 = not very familiar, and 1 = unfamiliar. For the complexity rating scale 5 = very complex, 4 = fairly complex, 3 = neither complex nor simple, 2 = fairly simple, and 1 = very simple. There were no differences in complexity rating of animals (3.1986) and artifacts (3.1318). There was a small but significant difference in familiarity ratings of animals (3.2761) and artifacts (3.6208), as shown by a one-way analysis of variance (F1 [19] = 13.548; p < 0.001). Access to verbal or semantic properties of items was not required. Ten subjects rated the familiarity of all objects (randomly mixed) before rating their complexity, and 10 subjects rated the complexity of all objects before rating their familiarity.