FIGURE 7.

PM critical rates as a function of the length of the handles measured in PM from experiments (open circles connected by lines) and simulations (solid symbols) for two different values of the trap stiffness ɛ_b = 0.1 pN/nm (squares) and 0.035 pN/nm (circles). The bandwidth (1 KHz) is much larger than the characteristic frequency of the F-U reaction. The intrinsic molecular rate (dotted line) is shown for reference. The PM rates show a tendency to approach the value of for long handles as the analysis done in Instrumental Effects predicts. Better results are also obtained for the softest trap ɛ_b = 0.035 pN/nm. The agreement among the experiments, simulations, and theory is good.