FIGURE 2.

Effect of β₁-adrenergic receptor activation on cAMP kinetics. Effect of submaximally (3 nM) and maximally (100 nM) stimulating concentrations of isoproterenol on the time course of changes in cAMP concentration. (A) Average concentration of cAMP in all compartments (total cAMP, simulation). (B) Concentration of cAMP in the caveolar compartment (caveolar cAMP, simulation). (C) Dependence of total and caveolar cAMP (simulations) on concentration of isoproterenol used to stimulate β₁-adrenergic receptors.