Local charge density of the membranes σM as a function of x. Curves, from bottom to top, correspond to φc = 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.68, 0.77, and 0.81. Dashed horizontal line corresponds to the effective charge density of the DNA σDNA ∼ 9.4 × 10−3 e/Å2.