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Participants’ demographic data by group (mean ± SD).
| Characteristic | Nonsmokers | Smokers |
|---|---|---|
| No. (male/female) | 8 (3/5) | 8 (3/5) |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 39.5 ± 1.31 | 39 ± 1.00 |
| Birth weight (g) | 3,268.94 ± 277.93 | 3,426.44 ± 474.20 |
| Mother’s age (years) | 25.63 ± 3.78 | 25.63 ± 4.41 |
| Gravidity | 2.75 ± 1.58 | 2.25 ± 1.04 |
| Apgar scores | ||
| 1 min | 8.38 ± 0.52 | 8.38 ± 0.52 |
| 5 min | 9.00 ± 0.0 | 8.88 ± 0.35 |
| Family income (thousands, $) | 17.81 ± 15.20 | 17.50 ± 15.47 |
