Table 8. .
Malformation | No. of Affected/Totala |
Frequency (%) |
Symptom: | ||
Microcephaly | 25/28 | 89 |
(Intrauterine) growth retardation | 25/29 | 86 |
Anomalies of skin pigmentation | 21/28 | 75 |
Radial-ray defects | 21/29 | 72 |
Microphthalmia | 17/28 | 61 |
Renal anomalies | 10/28 | 36 |
Malformations of the external ear | 9/28 | 32 |
Brain anomalies | 9/29 | 31 |
Including hydrocephalus | 5/29 | 17 |
Psychomotor retardationb | 8/28 | 29 |
Hypogonadism/genital anomalies | 7/28 | 25 |
Hip dysplasia/dislocation | 6/28 | 21 |
Heart anomalies | 4/28 | 14 |
Malformations of the gastrointestinal tract | 4/28 | 14 |
Distinct syndromic association: | ||
Michelin-tire baby syndrome (MIM 156610) | 2/28 | 7 |
VACTERL-like association (MIM 192350) | 1/28 | 4 |
Holoprosencephaly (MIM 236100) | 1/28 | 4 |
Kartagener syndrome (MIM 244400) | 1/28 | 4 |
A prenatal case (number 19) was partially informative. Pertinent information was used where applicable.
Including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.