Table 2.
Survival of Patients with Cutaneous Melanoma: Multivariate Analyses Using Cox Proportional Hazard Models, 1988–1999
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patient and Tumor Characteristics | Hazard Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) P-value | |||
| Census tract median income* | 0.79 (0.71–0.88) | <.001 | 0.88 (0.79–0.98) | .02 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| White | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Black | 1.82 (1.22–2.70) | .003 | 1.11 (0.74–1.67) | .61 |
| Hispanic | 1.51 (1.16–1.98) | .002 | 1.08 (0.83–1.42) | .55 |
| Chinese | 2.54 (1.21–5.33) | .014 | 1.90 (0.90–4.00) | .09 |
| Japanese | 1.56 (0.78–3.12) | .21 | 1.76 (0.87–3.53) | .11 |
| Filipino | 3.26 (1.63–6.53) | <.001 | 1.48 (0.73–2.98) | .27 |
| Hawaiian | 3.42 (1.10–10.6) | .03 | 2.08 (0.67–6.48) | .20 |
| American Indian | 1.75 (0.44–7.01) | .43 | 1.45 (0.36–5.90) | .59 |
| Other | 0.65 (0.16–2.62) | .54 | 0.76 (0.19–3.06) | .70 |
| Age | ||||
| 65–69 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 70–74 | 1.10 (0.97–1.24) | .15 | 1.15 (1.01–1.30) | .04 |
| 75–79 | 1.17 (1.02–1.33) | .02 | 1.24 (1.08–1.42) | .001 |
| ≥80 | 1.56 (1.37–1.77) | <.001 | 1.48 (1.30–1.68) | <.001 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Female | 0.68 (0.62–0.76) | <.001 | 0.70 (0.62–0.77) | <.001 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Unmarried | 1.36 (1.22–1.51) | <.001 | 1.15 (1.04–1.28) | .003 |
| Unknown | 0.30 (0.25–0.36) | <.001 | 0.61 (0.51–0.73) | <.001 |
| Period (years of diagnosis) | ||||
| 1988–1993 | 2.03 (1.84–2.23) | <.001 | 1.68 (1.52–1.87) | <.001 |
| 1994–1999 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Stage at diagnosis | ||||
| In situ | 1.00 | |||
| Localized | 8.83 (6.01–12.9) | <.001 | ||
| Regional | 23.2 (15.7–34.3) | <.001 | ||
| Distant | 94.0 (63.3–139.5) | <.001 | ||
| Unknown or unstaged | 19.1 (13.1–27.8) | <.001 | ||
| Tumor thickness, mm (Breslow depth) | ||||
| ≤1.00 | 1.00 | |||
| 1.01–2.00 | 2.06 (1.69–2.50) | <.001 | ||
| 2.01–4.00 | 3.11 (2.57–3.76) | <.001 | ||
| >4.00 | 3.17 (2.56–3.92) | <.001 | ||
| Unknown or unmeasured | 2.05 (1.70–2.47) | <.001 | ||
| Histology | ||||
| Nodular | 1.00 | |||
| Lentigo maligna | 0.18 (0.14–0.24) | <.001 | ||
| Superficial spreading | 0.48 (0.41–0.57) | <.001 | ||
| Acral lentiginous | 0.61 (0.43–0.87) | .003 | ||
| Other | 0.78 (0.68–0.89) | <.001 | ||
| Site | ||||
| Trunk | 1.00 | |||
| Face | 0.81 (0.71–0.93) | .003 | ||
| Upper limb | 0.69 (0.60–0.81) | <.001 | ||
| Lower limb | 1.02 (0.87–1.19) | .81 | ||
| Unspecified | 1.93 (1.61–2.30) | <.001 | ||
| Comorbidity | ||||
| 0 | 1.00 | |||
| 1 | 1.06 (0.92–1.23) | .41 | ||
| ≥2 | 1.29 (1.07–1.56) | .008 | ||
*
US $/year, ln [income/1,000], continuous.