TABLE 2.

Pharmacokinetic parameters and activities of amoxicillin, linezolid, and vancomycin in the prophylaxis of experimental endocarditis due to vancomycin-susceptible and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis strains^a

Prophylactic regimenb	Cmax (mg/liter)	Tmax (h)	Cmin (mg/liter)	T/MIC (h)	No. of infected rats/total no. of rats
					VansE. faecalis strain JH2-2 inoculated with ID90	VanrE. faecalis strain UCN41 inoculated with:
						ID90	10 × ID90
None					9/9	10/10	12/12
AMX	29.4 ± 6.59	2	0.52 ± 0.08	12	0/10d	0/10d,e	0/9d,e,f
LNZ-1	17.5 ± 5.13	1	3.81 ± 0.61	12	2/9d	8/11	9/9
LNZ-2	18.6 ± 4.47	1	4.57 ± 1.10	24	ND	4/10d	7/9
LNZ-4	19.3 ± 5.34	1	5.93 ± 1.69	48	ND	0/12d	3/11d
VAN	37.8 ± 3.29	0.5	5.57 ± 0.56	12c	0/9d	3/3	ND

^aC_max, peak concentration of drug in serum; T_max, time to maximum concentration of drug in serum; C_min, trough concentration of drug in serum; T/MIC, time above MIC; ND, not determined; Van^s, vancomycin susceptible; Van^r, vancomycin resistant. Values represent means ± standard deviations.

^bAMX, human simulation of a single oral dose of 2 to 3 g amoxicillin; LNZ-1, human simulation of a single oral dose of 600 mg linezolid; LNZ-2, human simulation of two consecutive oral doses of 600 mg linezolid every 12 h; LNZ-4, human simulation of four consecutive oral doses of 600 mg linezolid every 12 h; VAN, human simulation of a single i.v. dose of 1 g vancomycin.

^cTime above the MIC for the susceptible strain.

^dP < 0.05 versus no treatment.

^eP < 0.05 versus treatment with LNZ-1.

^fP < 0.05 versus treatment with LNZ-2.