Table 1 Release of various cytokines (macrophage inflammatory chemokine‐1α, keratinocyte‐derived chemokine, interleukin (IL)1 and IL6) 1 day after induction of immune complex‐mediated arthritis in knee joints of TLR4−/− and their wild‐type controls.

	MIP‐1α	KC	IL‐1	IL‐6
WT	172 (36)	69 (22)	149 (42)	2121 (267)
TLR4−/−	87 (3)*	19 (9)*	47 (24)*	336 (123)*

IL, interleukin; KC, keratinocyte‐derived chemokine; MIP, macrophage inflammatory chemokine; TLR, Toll‐like receptor; WT, wild‐type.

Cytokines were detected in synovial washouts (1 h) and were determined using Bioplex (sensitivity between 5 and 10 pg/ml). Note that cytokine production is significantly lowered in TLR4−/− mice when compared with wild‐type controls. Data represent the mean (SD) of seven mice and were statistically evaluated using the Wilcoxon rank test (*p<0.05).