Table 3 Causes of death possibly or certainly related to Crohn's disease (CD).

Patient No and causality of death and CD	Centre	Sex	Disease location at diagnosis	Disease behaviour at diagnosis	Age at diagnosis (y)	Survival after diagnosis (months)	Cause of death	CCS ICD‐10 code
Infections
1 Certain	Oslo	F	Ileocolonic	Stricturing	65	34	Sepsis, steroid use for CD activity	2
2 Possible	Reggio Emilia	M	Ileocolonic	Inflammatory	67	112	Sepsis, steroid use for CD activity	2
Cardiovascular causes
3 Possible	South Limburg	F	Ileocolonic	Inflammatory	26	94	Acute myocardial infarction during CD activity (autopsy confirmed). Steroid use	100
4 Possible	Reggio Emilia	F	Colonic	Inflammatory	80	69	Cardiac failure during CD activity. Steroid use	108
5 Certain	Copenhagen	M	Colonic	Inflammatory	78	34	Congestive heart failure after elective subtotal colectomy. Steroid use	108
Pulmonary causes
6 Possible	Copenhagen	F	Unknown	Unknown	71	8	Aspiration pneumonia due to CD mediated bowel obstruction. Steroid use.	122
Gastrointestinal causes
7 Certain	Reggio Emilia	M	Colonic	Inflammatory	63	44	Toxic megacolon. Steroid and cyclosporine use	144
8 Possible	Beer Sheeva	F	Upper GI	Inflammatory	60	60	Jejunal infarction. Azathioprine and steroid use.	144
9 Possible	Copenhagen	F	Colonic	Penetrating	71	4	Sepsis after elective subtotal colectomy. Topical steroid use	148
10 Certain	South Limburg	M	Ileocolonic	Inflammatory	20	23	Sepsis after acute ileocaecal resection	148
11 Certain	Vigo	M	Colonic	Inflammatory	18	50	Acute subtotal colectomy for perforation followed by sepsis. Azathioprine and steroid use	148
12 Certain	Oslo	M	Colonic	Inflammatory	83	1	Acute subtotal colectomy for perforation followed by sepsis. Steroid use.	148
13 Possible	South Limburg	F	Ileocolonic	Inflammatory	46	94	Gall bladder stones, biliary sepsis	149
14 Possible	Vigo	M	Upper GI	Inflammatory	60	16	Gastrointestinal haemorrhage	153

CCS, clinical classifications software; ICD, International Classification of Diseases.