Table 4 Relative risk and 95% confidence interval of upper gastrointestinal bleeding according to timing, dose and duration of coxibs.

	Cases (n = 2777)	Controls (n = 5532)	Age‐adjusted RR (95% CI)	Adjusted condition RR (95% CI)*
Coxib use
Non‐use	2734	5440	Reference	Reference
Current (0–7 days)	34	67	1.0 (0.7 to 1.5)	1.5 (0.9 to 2.4)
Celecoxib	13	31	0.8 (0.4 to 1.6)	1.0 (0.4 to 2.1)
Rofecoxib	23	36	1.3 (0.8 to 2.2)	2.1 (1.1 to 4.0)
Past (⩾8 days)	9	25	0.7 (0.3 to 1.5)	1.0 (0.4 to 2.3)
Rofecoxib dose†
Non‐use	2749	5481	Reference	Reference
Low medium	5	12	0.8 (0.3 to 2.4)	2.2 (0.6 to 7.8)
High	18	24	1.5 (0.8 to 2.8)	2.0 (0.9 to 4.4)
Coxib duration
Non‐use	2734	5440	Reference	Reference
1–30 days	10	11	1.8 (0.8 to 4.3)	1.7 (0.6 to 4.7)
31–90 days	5	12	0.8 (0.3 to 2.4)	2.0 (0.6 to 6.5)
>90 days	19	44	0.9 (0.5 to 1.5)	1.2 (0.6 to 2.4)

*Adjusted for age, sex, calendar semester, ulcer history, nitrates, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, acid‐suppressing drugs, NSAID and aspirin use.

†Low‐medium doses were up to 12.5 for rofecoxib. There was insufficient variability with celecoxib (in most instance, a low‐medium dose of 200 mg/day was used) to analyse the dose response.