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. 2006 May;90(5):597–601. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2005.083154

Table 3 Associations with spherical equivalent (SE), anisometropia (n = 28), or aniso‐astigmatism (n = 17) of at least 1.0D, presented as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Factor present Factor absent OR 95% CI p Value
No/total (%) No/total (%)
Anisometropia (SE)
 Amblyopia 15/31 (48.4) 13/1693 (0.8) 29.3 8.7 to 99.0* <0.0001
 Strabismus 8/47 (17.0) 20/1676 (1.2) 0.8 0.2 to 3.4† 0.8
  Esotropia 3/26 (11.5) 20/1676 (1.2) 0.1 0.02 to 1.03† 0.054
  Exotropia 5/20 (25.0) 20/1676 (1.2) 7.7 1.2 to 49.8† 0.03
 Low birth weight 4/92 (4.4) 18/1374 (1.3) 2.1 0.6 to 8.2‡ 0.3
 Multiple births 4/47 (8.5) 22/1509 (1.5) 3.4 0.7 to 15.8§ 0.1
 NICU admission 6/92 (6.5) 19/1410 (1.4) 3.6 1.1 to 12.6§ 0.04
Aniso‐astigmatism
 Amblyopia 3/31 (9.7) 14/1693 (0.8) 8.2 1.4 to 46.7¶ 0.02
 Strabismus** 2/47 (4.3) 15/1676 (0.9) 1.2 0.2 to 9.7†† 0.8
 NICU admission 3/92 (3.3) 11/1410 (0.8) 4.6 1.2 to 17.2‡‡ 0.02
 Maternal age >35 years 7/343 (2.0) 6/1196 (0.5) 4.0 1.3 to 11.9§§ 0.03
 Paternal age >35 years 9/582 (1.5) 4/907 (0.4) 2.1 0.5 to 8.5¶¶ 0.1

*Adjusted for worse eye refraction, multiple birth and strabismus.

†Adjusted for worse eye refraction, multiple birth and amblyopia.

‡Adjusted for multiple births.

§Adjusted for low birth weight (<2500 g).

¶Adjusted for worse eye refraction, NICU, and maternal age.

**Number of esotropic/exotropic children were too small for separate analyses.

††Adjusted for worse eye refraction, NICU, maternal age, and amblyopia.

‡‡Adjusted for maternal age.

§§Adjusted for admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

¶¶Adjusted for NICU and maternal age.

n = number of children with anisometropia (SE) or aniso‐astigmatism.

Total sample = 1724.