Table 1 Clinical characteristics and treatment of 210 patients hospitalised for congestive heart failure (CHF) who had preserved left ventricular systolic function (LVSF) (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ⩾50%).
| Variable | Whole group (n = 210) | Non‐anaemic (n = 113) | Anaemic (n = 97) | p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 73.2 (10.4) | 71.8 (9.6) | 74.8 (11.0) | 0.036 |
| Hospitalisation (days) | 11.9 (7.5) | 10.7 (5.7) | 13.4 (8.9) | 0.007 |
| Men | 48.1% | 46.9% | 49.5% | 0.782 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Hypertension | 68.6% | 70.8% | 66.0% | 0.652 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 41.9% | 45.1% | 38.1% | 0.480 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 21.0% | 18.6% | 23.7% | 0.394 |
| Smoking | 23.1% | 25.7% | 19.6% | 0.409 |
| Aetiology | ||||
| Ischaemic heart disease | 43.3% | 34.5% | 53.6% | 0.009 |
| Valve disease | 33.3% | 35.4% | 30.9% | |
| Other cardiopathy | 23.4% | 30.1% | 15.5% | |
| Clinical status at admission | ||||
| BMI >25 kg/m2 | 72.9% | 80.9% | 64.1% | 0.126 |
| NYHA class III or IV | 64.8% | 63.7% | 66.0% | 0.773 |
| Jugular vein distension | 35.7% | 30.1% | 42.5% | 0.600 |
| Rales | 78.1% | 77.9% | 78.4% | 0.867 |
| Third sound | 2.4% | 0.9% | 4.1% | 0.184 |
| Hepatomegaly | 17.1% | 15.9% | 18.6% | 0.714 |
| Peripheral oedema | 34.3% | 28.3% | 41.2% | 0.058 |
| Radiographic signs at admission | ||||
| Alveolar oedema | 6.7% | 6.2% | 6.9% | 1.000 |
| Pleural effusion | 15.2% | 15.0% | 15.5% | 1.000 |
| Cardiomegaly | 71.9% | 71.7% | 72.2% | 1.000 |
| ECG at admission | ||||
| Left bundle branch block | 7.6% | 3.5% | 12.4% | 0.018 |
| Sinus rhythm | 47.6% | 46.0% | 49.5% | 0.578 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 36.7% | 43.4% | 28.9% | 0.044 |
| Coronary angiography done | 33.8% | 37.2% | 29.9% | 0.307 |
| Treatment at discharge | ||||
| ACE inhibitors | 50.5% | 54.9% | 44.8% | 0.199 |
| ARBs | 5.0% | 6.2% | 3.4% | 0.518 |
| β Blockers | 34.0% | 36.3% | 31.0% | 0.456 |
| Spironolactone | 9.5% | 8.8% | 10.3% | 0.809 |
| Diuretics | 66.0% | 58.4% | 75.9% | 0.011 |
| Digoxin | 16.0% | 18.6% | 12.4% | 0.331 |
| Anticoagulants | 33.0% | 40.7% | 23.7% | 0.010 |
| Antiaggregants | 54.0% | 49.6% | 59.8% | 0.156 |
| Calcium antagonists | 35.0% | 32.7% | 37.9% | 0.459 |
| Nitrates | 37.5% | 33.6% | 42.5% | 0.239 |
Data are mean (SD) or percentage.
*Anaemic versus non‐anaemic groups.
ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; NYHA, New York Heart Association.