Table 2 Characteristics of music tracks.
| Style | Tempo (beats/min)* | Harmonic structure | Melodic structure | Rhythmic structure | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Raga | 55 | Modal | Modal | Minimal | Debabrata Chaudhuri: introduction from “Raga Maru Behag”, from Sitar music meditations, Music for Pleasure Ltd, Feltham, UK, 1967 |
| Classical slow | 70 | Conventional† | Conventional | Present | Ludwig van Beethoven: “Adagio molto e cantabile” from the Ninth Symphony Op 125, 1823 |
| Dodecaphonic | 76 | Absent | Absent | Absent | Anton Webern: “Zart bewegt”, from Pieces for orchestra Op 6, 1909 |
| Rap | 103 | Semimodal | Rudimentary | Strong syncopated | Red Hot Chili Peppers: “The power of equality” from Blood Sugar Sex Magik Warner Bros, 1991 |
| Techno | 136 | Conventional | Rudimentary | Strong, obsessive non‐syncopated | Gigi D'agostino: “You spin me round” from Tecno Fes, vol 2, Noisemaker, 2000 |
| Classical fast | 150 | Conventional | Conventional | Strong non‐syncopated | Antonio Vivaldi: “Presto” from “Estate”, Concerto for Violin, Orchestra, and Continuo no 2, Op 8, 1725 |
*Tempo is measured in beats/min, where 1 beat = 1 crotchet (quarter note); †conventional relates to the musical culture of white subjects.