Table 1 Haemodynamic profile, systemic and pulmonary blood gases, ventilation parameters and PVR in control and rIPC groups at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 h after reperfusion.
| Baseline | 1 h | 3 h | 6 h | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 6) | rIPC (n = 6) | p Value | Control (n = 6) | rIPC (n = 6) | p Value | Control (n = 6) | rIPC (n = 6) | p Value | Control (n = 4) | rIPC (n = 6) | p Value | |
| Mean pressures (mm Hg) | ||||||||||||
| BP | 49.5 (1.7) | 51.7 (2.5) | 0.5 | 44.3 (3.0) | 38.3 (2.9) | 0.2 | 41.3 (3.2) | 41.3 (3.2) | 1.0 | 44.0 (4.4) | 43.0 (3.4) | 0.9 |
| PA | 17.8 (1.4) | 17.5 (2.0) | 0.9 | 21.0 (2.2) | 20.3 (1.6) | 0.8 | 23.3 (2.3) | 20.0 (1.3) | 0.2 | 21.8 (3.2) | 23.0 (1.7) | 0.7 |
| LA | 8.2 (1.1) | 8.6 (0.6) | 0.7 | 9.7 (1.1) | 8.7 (0.8) | 0.5 | 10.3 (1.0) | 8.7 (0.3) | 0.2 | 11.8 (1.7) | 9.7 (0.8) | 0.2 |
| SBP | 57.2 (2.9) | 61.8 (1.7) | 0.2 | 60.1 (4.4) | 53.9 (3.1) | 0.5 | 56.1 (3.2) | 55.1 (3.8) | 0.9 | 59.1 (6.2) | 61.2 (2.7) | 0.7 |
| Systemic data | ||||||||||||
| Hb (g/dl) | 9.3 (0.5) | 9.4 (0.5) | 0.8 | 10.6 (0.8) | 10.9 (0.8) | 0.8 | 12.0 (1.6) | 11.8 (0.9) | 0.9 | 13.0 (1.2) | 12.8 (1.1) | 0.9 |
| Po2 (mm Hg) | 182.5 (14.5) | 173.0 (8.1) | 0.6 | 162.2 (18.4) | 148.0 (13.0) | 0.5 | 159.5 (25.6) | 169.9 (30.2) | 0.8 | 150.4 (31.6) | 133.0 (5.9) | 0.5 |
| Pco2 (mm Hg) | 35.2 (1.4) | 33.8 (0.7) | 0.4 | 35.7 (1.7) | 38.3 (2.3) | 0.4 | 38.8 (2.6) | 37.9 (2.1) | 0.8 | 36.0 (2.5) | 41.1 (1.6) | 0.1 |
| Saturation | 99.3 (0.1) | 99.3 (0.1) | 0.9 | 98.9 (0.2) | 98.7 (0.2) | 0.5 | 97.8 (1.2) | 98.9 (0.2) | 0.4 | 96.7 (2.6) | 98.4 (6.3) | 0.4 |
| BE | −5.4 (0.8) | −4.5 (0.5) | 0.4 | −7.1 (0.5) | −5.9 (1.5) | 0.5 | −7.5 (1.2) | −6.3 (1.3) | 0.5 | −4.3 (2.2) | −4.3 (1.4) | 1.0 |
| Pulmonary data | ||||||||||||
| Po2 (mm Hg) | 43.3 (2.6) | 42.8 (1.3) | 0.9 | 37.9 (3.9) | 35.4 (2.1) | 0.6 | 35.7 (3.0) | 35.8 (4.6) | 1.0 | 36.8 (3.4) | 34.4 (6.1) | 0.8 |
| Saturation | 74.5 (2.8) | 75.7 (1.5) | 0.7 | 63.1 (5.1) | 59.2 (4.6) | 0.6 | 59.7 (4.1) | 58.4 (6.3) | 0.9 | 62.6 (5.7) | 54.2 (9.4) | 0.5 |
| V̇o2 (ml/min/kg) | 5.4 (0.3) | 5.2 (0.2) | 0.5 | 5.2 (0.3) | 5.0 (0.2) | 0.6 | 5.4 (0.3) | 4.8 (0.4) | 0.3 | 5.2 (0.3) | 5.0 (0.4) | 0.8 |
| Ventilation data | ||||||||||||
| PIP (cm H2O) | 16.9 (0.9) | 14.6 (0.8) | 0.1 | 21.7 (0.5) | 18.8 (0.3) | 0.001 | 22.2 (0.7) | 19.4 (0.3) | 0.002 | 21.3 (0.6) | 21.3 (0.5) | 1.0 |
| PEEP (cm H2O) | 5.8 (0.3) | 5.5 (0.4) | 0.6 | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.5 (0.4) | 0.9 | 5.6 (0.4) | 5.3 (0.5) | 0.7 | 6.0 (0.5) | 5.8 (0.6) | 0.8 |
| MAP (cm H2O) | 8.5 (0.3) | 7.9 (0.4) | 0.2 | 9.9 (0.5) | 8.9 (0.2) | 0.1 | 9.9 (0.5) | 8.9 (0.3) | 0.1 | 9.8 (0.8) | 9.7 (0.5) | 0.9 |
| VT (ml) | 180.3 (11.0) | 179.8 (6.7) | 1.0 | 189.3 (12.3) | 169.2 (6.4) | 0.2 | 181.5 (8.5) | 168.7 (6.6) | 0.3 | 199.0 (14.5) | 170.7 (7.2) | 0.2 |
| V̇E (litres) | 3.4 (0.2) | 3.7 (0.2) | 0.4 | 3.6 (0.2) | 3.3 (0.1) | 0.4 | 3.6 (0.2) | 3.3 (0.1) | 0.2 | 4.1 (0.3) | 3.4 (0.2) | 0.2 |
| Resistance (cm H2O/l·s) | 18.6 (1.0) | 17.4 (1.1) | 0.5 | 26.5 (1.4) | 20.1 (1.8) | 0.02 | 26.1 (1.5) | 21.8 (2.0) | 0.1 | 24.5 (1.7) | 25.0 (1.2) | 0.8 |
| Compliance (ml/cm H2O) | 17.3 (0.9) | 20.3 (1.3) | 0.2 | 11.9 (0.7) | 15.8 (2.5) | 0.2 | 10.9 (1.0) | 14.9 (2.5) | 0.2 | 13.1 (1.2) | 12.4 (0.6) | 0.7 |
| Cardiac output | 2.2 (0.2) | 2.1 (0.2) | 0.5 | 1.8 (0.3) | 1.7 (0.2) | 0.7 | 1.3 (0.2) | 1.3 (0.1) | 0.9 | 1.5 (0.6) | 1.1 (0.2) | 0.5 |
| PVR index (WU*BSA) | 2.0 (0.2) | 2.0 (0.4) | 0.9 | 3.8 (0.5) | 5.6 (1.7) | 0.3 | 5.8 (1.7) | 5.4 (1.0) | 0.9 | 6.1 (1.8) | 7.6 (2.3) | 0.2 |
p Values by t test between groups. Data expressed as mean (SEM).
BE, base excess; BP, systemic blood pressure; BSA, body surface area; Hb, haemoglobin; LA, left atrial pressure; MAP, mean airway pressure; PA, pulmonary blood pressure; Pco2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PEEP, peak end expiratory pressure; PIP, peak inspiratory pressure; Po2, partial pressure of oxygen; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; rIPC, remote ischaemic preconditioning; SBP, systolic blood pressure; V̇E, minute ventilation; V̇o2, oxygen consumption; Vt, tidal volume; WU, Wood units.