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. 2006 Apr 27;92(10):1457–1462. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2005.084715

Table 3 Complications, mode of treatment and outcome of 326 episodes of infective endocarditis analysed together and separately in five‐year periods.

1980–2004 1980–4 1985–9 1990–4 1995–9 2000–4 p Value
No of episodes 326 61 45 65 60 95
Neurological complications 86 (26.4%) 15 (24.6%) 13 (28.9%) 16 (24.6%) 19 (31.7%) 23 (24.2%) 0.672*
 Embolic brain infarction 27 (8.3%) 5 (8.2%) 2 (4.4%) 3 (4.6%) 8 (13.3%) 9 (9.5%)
 Transient ischaemic attack 16 (4.9%) 3 (4.9%) 2 (4.4%) 4 (6.2%) 5 (8.3%) 2 (2.1%)
 Meningitis 5 (4.6%) 4 (6.6%) 3 (6.7%) 2 (3.1%) 1 (1.7%) 5 (5.3%)
 Brain haemorrhage 6 (1.8%) 1 (1.6%) 1 (2.2%) 0% 1 (1.7%) 3 (3.2%)
 Others 22 (6.8%) 2 (3.3%) 5 (11.1%) 7 (10.8%) 4 (6.7%) 4 (4.2%)
Emboli outside CNS 102 (31.3%) 17 (27.9%) 13 (28.9%) 15 (23.1%) 24 (40.0%) 33 (34.7%) 0.274
HF 178 (54.6%) 38 (62.3%) 24 (53.3%) 39 (60.0%) 32 (53.3%) 45 (47.4%) 0.368
Mode of treatment within 3 months 0.943
 Surgical 94 (28.8%) 20 (32.8%) 12 (26.7%) 18 (27.7%) 16 (26.7%) 28 (29.5%)
 Conservative 232 (71.2%) 41 (67.2%) 33 (73.3%) 47 (72.3%) 44 (73.3%) 67 (70.5%)
Indications for surgery 94 (28.8%) 20 (32.8%) 12 (26.7%) 18 (27.7%) 16 (26.7%) 28 (29.5%) 0.265*
 Congestive HF 55 (16.9%) 12 (19.7%) 7 (15.6%) 7 (10.8%) 11 (18.3%) 18 (18.9%)
 Valvular regurgitation without HF 43 (13.2%) 14 (23.0%) 6 (13.3%) 12 (18.5%) 4 (6.7%) 7 (7.4%)
 Dehiscence of prosthetic valve without HF 10 (3.1%) 1 (1.6%) 2 (4.4%) 4 (6.2%) 0% 3 (3.2%)
 Repeated emboli 5 (1.5%) 1 (1.6%) 1 (2.2%) 2 (3.1%) 1 (1.7%) 0%
 Intractable infection 6 (1.8%) 1 (1.6%) 0% 1 (1.5%) 1 (1.7%) 3 (3.2%)
Outcome of infective endocarditis 0.781
 Death 43 (13.2%) 9 (14.8%) 5 (11.1%) 6 (9.2%) 8 (13.3%) 15 (15.8%)
 Survival 283 (86.8%) 52 (85.2%) 40 (88.9%) 59 (90.8%) 52 (86.7%) 80 (84.2%)

*p value for overall group differences.

CNS, central nervous system; HF, heart failure.