Table 3 Complications, mode of treatment and outcome of 326 episodes of infective endocarditis analysed together and separately in five‐year periods.
1980–2004 | 1980–4 | 1985–9 | 1990–4 | 1995–9 | 2000–4 | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No of episodes | 326 | 61 | 45 | 65 | 60 | 95 | |
Neurological complications | 86 (26.4%) | 15 (24.6%) | 13 (28.9%) | 16 (24.6%) | 19 (31.7%) | 23 (24.2%) | 0.672* |
Embolic brain infarction | 27 (8.3%) | 5 (8.2%) | 2 (4.4%) | 3 (4.6%) | 8 (13.3%) | 9 (9.5%) | |
Transient ischaemic attack | 16 (4.9%) | 3 (4.9%) | 2 (4.4%) | 4 (6.2%) | 5 (8.3%) | 2 (2.1%) | |
Meningitis | 5 (4.6%) | 4 (6.6%) | 3 (6.7%) | 2 (3.1%) | 1 (1.7%) | 5 (5.3%) | |
Brain haemorrhage | 6 (1.8%) | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (2.2%) | 0% | 1 (1.7%) | 3 (3.2%) | |
Others | 22 (6.8%) | 2 (3.3%) | 5 (11.1%) | 7 (10.8%) | 4 (6.7%) | 4 (4.2%) | |
Emboli outside CNS | 102 (31.3%) | 17 (27.9%) | 13 (28.9%) | 15 (23.1%) | 24 (40.0%) | 33 (34.7%) | 0.274 |
HF | 178 (54.6%) | 38 (62.3%) | 24 (53.3%) | 39 (60.0%) | 32 (53.3%) | 45 (47.4%) | 0.368 |
Mode of treatment within 3 months | 0.943 | ||||||
Surgical | 94 (28.8%) | 20 (32.8%) | 12 (26.7%) | 18 (27.7%) | 16 (26.7%) | 28 (29.5%) | |
Conservative | 232 (71.2%) | 41 (67.2%) | 33 (73.3%) | 47 (72.3%) | 44 (73.3%) | 67 (70.5%) | |
Indications for surgery | 94 (28.8%) | 20 (32.8%) | 12 (26.7%) | 18 (27.7%) | 16 (26.7%) | 28 (29.5%) | 0.265* |
Congestive HF | 55 (16.9%) | 12 (19.7%) | 7 (15.6%) | 7 (10.8%) | 11 (18.3%) | 18 (18.9%) | |
Valvular regurgitation without HF | 43 (13.2%) | 14 (23.0%) | 6 (13.3%) | 12 (18.5%) | 4 (6.7%) | 7 (7.4%) | |
Dehiscence of prosthetic valve without HF | 10 (3.1%) | 1 (1.6%) | 2 (4.4%) | 4 (6.2%) | 0% | 3 (3.2%) | |
Repeated emboli | 5 (1.5%) | 1 (1.6%) | 1 (2.2%) | 2 (3.1%) | 1 (1.7%) | 0% | |
Intractable infection | 6 (1.8%) | 1 (1.6%) | 0% | 1 (1.5%) | 1 (1.7%) | 3 (3.2%) | |
Outcome of infective endocarditis | 0.781 | ||||||
Death | 43 (13.2%) | 9 (14.8%) | 5 (11.1%) | 6 (9.2%) | 8 (13.3%) | 15 (15.8%) | |
Survival | 283 (86.8%) | 52 (85.2%) | 40 (88.9%) | 59 (90.8%) | 52 (86.7%) | 80 (84.2%) |
*p value for overall group differences.
CNS, central nervous system; HF, heart failure.