Table 1 Characteristics of patients and controls stratified by presence or absence of significant left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
| SHF (n = 186) | PSFDD (n = 61) | PSFN (n = 40) | CDD (n = 32) | CN (n = 102) | p Value (SHF v PSFDD) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 69 (13) | 69 (13) | 64 (16)†† | 72 (15) | 63 (12)** | NS |
| Men | 56% | 48% | 58%† | 35% | 52** | <0.05 |
| Height (cm) | 174 (5.5) | 175 (6.5) | 175 (9.2) | 175 (11.2) | 177 (8.2) | 0.74 |
| Weight (kg) | 80.6 (15.9) | 84.6 (9.7) | 83.5 (13.4) | 85.2 (12.1) | 82.5 (8.8) | 0.65 |
| FEV1 (% expected) | 90.0 (17.4) | 87.2 (21.4) | 88.3 (21.5) | 102 (25.4) | 116.0 (23.4)* | <0.02 |
| FVC (% expected) | 80.0 (22.9) | 77.4 (19.6) | 79.5 (21.6) | 89 (24.3) | 95.0 (22.6) | 0.02 |
| LVEDD (cm) | 6.3 (1.0) | 5.2 (0.9) | 5.1 (0.8) | 5.1 (0.8) | 5.0 (0.7) | <0.0001 |
| LVEF (%) | 32.8 (8.2) | 54.5 (7.6) | 57.3 (8.9) | 60.0 (9.6) | 62.1 (11.6) | <0.0001 |
| LA diameter (cm) | 4.9 (1.2) | 4.8 (1.3) | 3.8 (1.2)† | 4.4 (1.4) | 3.9 (1.2)* | 0.45 |
| E:A ratio | 1.5 (1.2) | 0.8 (0.8) | 1.0 (0.9)† | 0.8 (0.8) | 1.1 (0.3)** | <0.01 |
| Deceleration time (ms) | 185 (66) | 236 (35) | 215 (49)† | 251 (65) | 214 (44)* | <0.005 |
| IVRT (ms) | 93 (34) | 118 (32) | 96 (35)† | 113 (28) | 85 (20) * | <0.05 |
| Drugs | ||||||
| Furosemide‡ | 62 (37%) | 56 (32%) | 32 (46%) | 0 | 0 | |
| β blockers | 154 | 46 | 0 | 1 | 3 | |
| ACEI/AIIA | 91/16 | 28/7 | 4/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | |
| Thiazide | 20 | 14 | 8 | 3 | 1 | |
| Spironolactone | 36 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Values are mean (SD), number (%) or number.
*p<0.05, **p<0.02 for difference between CN and CDD; †p<0.05, ††p<0.02 for difference between PSFDD and PSFN; ‡mean daily dose of furosemide equivalent is given (1 mg bumetanide is equivalent to 40 mg furosemide).
ACEI, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; AIIA, angiotensin II inhibitor; CDD, controls with diastolic dysfunction; CN, controls with normal diastolic function; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time; LA, left atrial; LVEDD, left ventricular end diastolic dimension from M mode echocardiography; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PSFDD, preserved systolic function with diastolic dysfunction; PSFN, preserved systolic function without diastolic dysfunction; SHF, systolic heart failure.