Table 2 Physiological parameters, clinical symptoms, signs and laboratory blood tests in patients with dyspnoea in the emergency department.
| Non‐HF (n = 41) | Acute HF (n = 51) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physiological parameters | |||
| Heart rate (beat/min) | 91.6 (22.2) | 88.5 (20.3) | 0.19 |
| Respiratory rate (per min) | 18.9 (3.9) | 19.6 (5.1) | 0.472 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 128.1 (34.2) | 135.9 (26.6) | 0.409 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 69.0 (20.9) | 73.3 (15.1) | 0.248 |
| Peripheral oxygen saturation % | 93.9 (15.7) | 96.8 (3.3) | 0.475 |
| Symptoms and signs | |||
| Rales in auscultation | 14 (34.1%) | 22 (43.1%) | 0.38 |
| Leg oedema | 10 (24.4%) | 9 (17.6%) | 0.427 |
| Jugular vein engorgement | 3 (7.3%) | 9 (17.6%) | 0.144 |
| Episodes of chest pain | 7 (17.1%) | 7 (13.7%) | 0.657 |
| Laboratory tests | |||
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dl) | 28.8 (22.1) | 46.6 (30.2) | 0.002 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.6 (1.7) | 3.3 (5.8) | 0.076 |
| Creatinine kinase (U/l) | 199.8 (412.2) | 308.8 (732) | 0.429 |
| CK‐MB (U/l) | 18.4 (27.0) | 24.2 (35.6) | 0.422 |
| Troponin I (ng/ml) | 0.73 (3.2) | 0.26 (0.8) | 0.336 |
| Chest x ray | |||
| Cardiomegaly | 21 (51.2%) | 39 (76.5%) | 0.011 |
| Pulmonary oedema | 6 (14.6%) | 26 (50.9%) | <0.001 |
HF, heart failure; CK‐MB, creatinine kinase‐MB form.