Table 3 Echocardiographic and tissue Doppler echocardiographic parameters of patients with dyspnoea in the emergency department.
| Non‐HF (n = 41) | Acute HF (n = 51) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Left atrium* | 27.6 (6.4) | 32.8 (7.6) | 0.001 |
| Interventricular septum* | 8.1 (1.6) | 8.1 (1.4) | 0.951 |
| LV posterior wall* | 8.0 (1.6) | 8.3 (1.3) | 0.456 |
| LV end‐diastolic dimension* | 34.5 (5.5) | 41.3 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| LV end‐systolic dimension* | 21.9 (5.2) | 30.2 (7.0) | <0.001 |
| LV ejection fraction (%) | 64.9 (12.1) | 50.4 (16.4) | <0.001 |
| Mitral E flow (cm/s) | 74.9 (24.3) | 109.9 (39.7) | <0.001 |
| Mitral A flow (cm/s) | 88.4 (48.9) | 80.7 (42.5) | 0.811 |
| E:A ratio | 0.88 (0.45) | 1.29 (0.78) | 0.007 |
| Tissue Doppler parameters | |||
| Mean Sa (cm/s) | 8.3 (2.1) | 6.3 (2.1) | <0.001 |
| Sa medial (cm/s) | 7.8 (2.0) | 5.8 (1.9) | <0.001 |
| Sa lateral (cm/s) | 8.8 (2.7) | 6.9 (2.5) | 0.001 |
| Mean Ea (cm/s) | 8.6 (3.3) | 6.4 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| Ea medial (cm/s) | 7.9 (3.5) | 5.9 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| Ea lateral (cm/s) | 9.4 (3.8) | 7.3 (3.0) | 0.003 |
| Mean Aa (cm/s) | 9.5 (3.6) | 6.3 (3.4) | 0.001 |
| Aa medial (cm/s) | 8.6 (4.1) | 5.5 (3.7) | 0.001 |
| Aa lateral (cm/s) | 10.4 (3.9) | 6.8 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| E:Ea for overall | 9.3 (3.3) | 18.7 (7.9) | <0.001 |
| LVEF⩾0.5 | 9.1 (3.4) | 17.6 (8.1) | <0.001 |
| LVEF<0.5 | 10.7 (2.6) | 20.1 (7.7) | <0.001 |
*The diameters were corrected by the body surface area (m2).
A, peak late diastolic blood flow velocity; Aa, peak late diastolic velocity over mitral annulus in tissue Doppler imaging; E, peak early diastolic blood flow velocity; Ea, peak early diastolic velocity over mitral annulus in tissue Doppler imaging; LV, left ventricle; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; Sa: the peak systolic velocity over mitral annulus in tissue Doppler imaging.