Table 2 Unadjusted and adjusted rate ratios of acute myocardial infarction for current use of various non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs according to the presence of a previous myocardial infarction.
| Cases (n = 3423) | Controls (n = 68 456) | Unadjusted RR | Adjusted* RR (95% CI) | p Value† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No use‡ (%) | 932 (27.2) | 19 647 (28.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 (reference) | Reference |
| Current use (%) | |||||
| NSAIDs | 59 (1.7) | 1191 (1.7) | 1.10 | 1.00 (0.75 to 1.34) | |
| No previous MI | 51 | 1123 | 1.01 (0.74 to 1.38) | 0.87 | |
| Previous MI | 8 | 68 | 0.95 (0.44 to 2.04) | ||
| Naproxen | 31 (0.9) | 451 (0.7) | 1.54 | 1.24 (0.83 to 1.84) | |
| No previous MI | 23 | 423 | 1.18 (0.75 to 1.84) | 0.55 | |
| Previous MI | 8 | 28 | 1.56 (0.68 to 3.58) | ||
| Rofecoxib | 297 (8.7) | 4603 (6.7) | 1.43 | 1.28 (1.10 to 1.49) | |
| No previous MI | 239 | 4295 | 1.23 (1.05 to 1.45) | 0.14 | |
| Previous MI | 58 | 308 | 1.59 (1.15 to 2.18) | ||
| Celecoxib | 369 (10.8) | 6793 (9.9) | 1.19 | 1.08 (0.94 to 1.25) | |
| No previous MI | 287 | 6321 | 1.03 (0.88 to 1.20) | 0.04 | |
| Previous MI | 82 | 472 | 1.40 (1.06 to 1.84) | ||
| Meloxicam | 7 (0.2) | 180 (0.3) | 0.84 | 0.78 (0.36 to 1.68) | |
| No previous MI | 7 | 172 | 0.88 (0.41 to 1.91) | — | |
| Previous MI | 0 | 8 | — | ||
| Past use (%)§ | 1728 (50.5) | 35591 (52.0) | 1.05 | 0.95 (0.86 to 1.05) |
MI, myocardial infarction; NSAIDs, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs.
*Adjusted for age at index (continuous variable); sex, hypertension, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, respiratory illness, gastrointestinal ulcer disease, thyroid disorders, depression/psychiatric illness and cancer, in the year preceding cohort entry; use of concomitant treatment including antilipidaemic agents, anticoagulants and aspirin in the year preceding cohort entry; healthcare utilisation including hospitalisations, outpatient visits to any doctor and outpatient cardiologist visits, in the year preceding the index date; and number of different drugs taken, chronic disease score and Charlson index in the year preceding the index date. RRs are for current users compared with no use in the year preceding the index date.
†For two‐sided test of interaction comparing previous MI and no previous MI at a significance level of α = 0.05.
‡No use in the year preceding the index date.
§Past users are those who were currently unexposed but had received at least one prescription for an NSAID in the year preceding the index date.