Table 2 Univariate comparison between survivors and non‐survivors.
| Parameter | Survivors | Non‐survivors | p Value* | Cardiac mortality | p Value** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (%) | 181 (89) | 22 (11) | 12 (6) | ||
| Mean (SD) age (years) | 46 (12) | 56 (8) | <0.001 | 57 (5) | 0.002 |
| Men, n | 124 | 17 | NS | 9 | NS |
| Mean (SD) body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.2 (4.5) | 25 (5.3) | NS | 22.8 (4) | NS |
| Smoker, n | 35 | 7 | NS | 5 | NS |
| Hypertension, n | 153 | 19 | NS | 10 | NS |
| Mean (SD) systolic BP (mm Hg) | 139 (17) | 144 (14) | NS | 150 (13) | 0.02 |
| Mean (SD) diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 76 (11) | 76 (11) | NS | 80 (9) | NS |
| Mean (SD) cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.89 (1.23) | 4.81 (1.16) | NS | 5.23 (1.05) | NS |
| Mean (SD) triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.42 (1.08) | 0.55 (1.37) | NS | 0.91 (1.78) | NS |
| Diabetes, n | 35 | 7 | NS | 3 | NS |
| Positive family history, n | 24 | 4 | NS | 2 | NS |
| History of IHD | 5 | 3 | 0.04 | 2 | 0.06 |
| Previous stroke, n | 5 | 1 | NS | 1 | NS |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n | 13 | 5 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.06 |
| Cardiac symptoms, n | 78 | 9 | NS | 5 | NS |
| Previous renal transplantion, n | 27 | 3 | NS | 2 | NS |
| Haemodialysis, n | 112 | 10 | NS | 4 | 0.02 |
| Mean (SD) haemoglobin (g/dl) | 10.56 (1.74) | 10.2 (1.3) | NS | 10.08 (1.46) | NS |
| Mean (SD) creatinine (μmol/l) | 731 (255) | 861 (310)( | NS | 677 (158) | NS |
| Mean (SD) calcium (mmol/l) | 2.25 (0.25) | 2.18 (0.23) | NS | 2.91 (0.14) | NS |
| Mean (SD) albumin (g/l) | 37 (8) | 32 (6) | NS | 33 (8) | NS |
| Mean (SD) phosphate (mmol/l) | 1.71 (0.39) | 1.68 (0.35) | NS | 1.67 (0.34) | NS |
| Mean (SD) LVESD (cm) | 3 (0.7) | 3.6 (0.7) | <0.001 | 3.7 (0.6) | 0.001 |
| Mean (SD) LVESV (cm3) | 21 (16) | 36 (21) | <0.001 | 39 (22) | 0.002 |
| Mean (SD) LVEDD (cm) | 4.8 (0.7) | 5.3 (0.8) | 0.002 | 5.5 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) LVEDV (cm3) | 95 (51) | 136 (64) | 0.001 | 144 (74) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) LVFS (%) | 39 (8) | 32 (8) | <0.001 | 30 (7) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) LVEF (%) | 72 (11) | 60 (13) | <0.001 | 57 (14) | <0.001 |
| Mean (SD) LA (cm) | 4 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.6) | NS | 3.7 (0.7) | NS |
| Mean (SD) maximal wall thickness (cm) | 1.18 (0.17) | 1.29 (0.18) | 0.006 | 1.34 (0.19) | 0.007 |
| Mean (SD) LVMI (g/m2) | 122 (18) | 136 (11) | 0.001 | 135 (14) | 0.02 |
| Mean (SD) LVMI, men (n = 141) | 124 (17) | 137 (11) | 0.004 | 136 (10) | 0.02 |
| Mean (SD) LVMI, women (n = 62) | 117 (19) | 132 (10) | 0.009 | 130 (12) | 0.008 |
| Mitral restrictive filling pattern, n (%) | 19 (11) | 3 (14) | NS | 2 (16) | NS |
| Mitral annular calcification, n | 49 | 14 | 0.001 | 7 | NS |
BP, blood pressure; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; LA, left atrium; LVEDD, left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter; LVEDV, left ventricular end‐diastolic volume; LVESD, left ventricular end‐systolic diameter; LVESV, left ventricular end‐systolic volume; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVFS, left ventricular fractional shortening; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; NS, non‐significant.
*Comparison of survivors and non‐survivors.
**Comparison of survivors and non‐survivors who died from cardiac causes.