Table 1 Comparison of baseline characteristics between type I (absence of line of block) and type II (presence of line of block) conduction identified by non‐contact LV mapping .
| Type I conduction (n = 8) | Type II conduction (n = 15) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic parameters | |||
| Age | 64.4 (14.8) | 67.1 (11.4) | NS |
| Male/female | 6/2 | 10/5 | NS |
| NYHA class III/IV | 8/0 | 15/0 | NS |
| MLWHF Quality of Life score | 29.9 (14.7) | 24.7 (15.7) | NS |
| 6‐min walking distance (m) | 317.2 (96) | 292.2 (104.2) | NS |
| Ischaemic/non‐ischaemic | 5 (63)/3 (37) | 3 (20)/12 (80) | NS* |
| QRS duration (ms) | 140.1 (21.1) | 138.5 (18.1) | NS |
| ECG parameters | |||
| LV end‐systolic diameter, cm | 5.56 (1.47) | 5.95 (0.84) | NS |
| LV end‐diastolic diameter, cm | 6.12 (1.47) | 6.72 (0.81) | NS |
| LV end‐systolic volume, cm3 | 112.5 (30.8) | 137.1 (38.7) | NS |
| LV end‐diastolic volume, cm3 | 161 (36.3) | 187.9 (48.8) | NS |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 30.8 (5.5) | 27.4 (6.4) | NS |
| Sphericity index, end‐systole | 1.85 (0.28) | 1.7 (0.22) | NS |
| Sphericity index, end‐diastole | 1.7 (0.25) | 1.63 (0.16) | NS |
| Mitral regurgitation (% left atrial area) | 0.22 (0.23) | 0.39 (0.23) | NS |
| E, m/s | 0.68 (0.26) | 0.68 (0.29) | NS |
| A, m/s | 0.69 (0.17) | 0.8 (0.22) | NS |
| E/A ratio | 1.02 (0.43) | 0.98 (0.74) | NS |
| DT, ms | 173.5 (66.5) | 192.7 (96.1) | NS |
| IVRT, ms | 96.5 (10.6) | 115.9 (40.2) | NS |
| Ts‐SD, ms | 30.6 (7.8) | 42.6 (8.2) | 0.003 |
| Ts‐diff, ms | 89.5 (30) | 112.5 (11.9) | 0.01 |
| Electrophysiological parameters | |||
| Total LV activation time (ms) | 97 (10.4) | 96.7 (13) | NS |
| Transeptal activation time (ms) | 29.6 (16.1) | 26.1 (14) | NS |
| Transmural activation time (ms) | 20.1 (12.9) | 18.6 (11) | NS |
| Medication | |||
| ACEi/ARB | 4 /3 | 10 /2 | NS |
| β‐blockers | 6 | 12 | NS |
| Aldosterone antagonists | 4 | 6 | NS |
| Diuretics | 4 | 9 | NS |
| Anti‐platelet agents | 5 | 8 | NS |
| Lipid‐lowering agents | 4 | 5 | NS |
A, transmitral peak late diastolic filling velocity; ACEi, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; DT, deceleration time of E wave; E, transmitral peak early diastolic filling velocity; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time; LV, left ventricular; MLWHF, Minnesota Living With Heart Failure; MR, mitral regurgitation; NS, not significant; NYHA, New York Heart Association; Ts‐diff, maximal difference of the time to peak systolic contraction of the 12 LV segments by tissue Doppler imaging; Ts‐SD, standard deviation of the time to peak systolic contraction of the 12 LV segments by tissue Doppler imaging.
*Fisher's exact test.