TABLE 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Study Sample (N = 146)
| Characteristics | 6–7 y | 8–9 y | 10–12 y |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | 48 | 63 | 35 |
| Age, y | 7.2 ± 0.6 | 9.0 ± 0.5 | 10.8 ± 0.7 |
| Gender, n (%) | |||
| Female | 23 (15.8) | 37 (25.3) | 18 (12.3) |
| Male | 25 (17.1) | 26 (17.8) | 17 (11.6) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| Black | 14 (9.6) | 21 (14.4) | 13 (8.9) |
| White | 34 (23.3) | 42 (28.8) | 22 (15.1) |
| Socioeconomic status score,14 mediana | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
| Fat mass, kg | 11.4 ± 7.9 | 17.5 ± 9.9 | 23.9 ± 14.0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 20.6 ± 5.7 | 23.3 ± 5.9 | 25.50 ± 7.2 |
| BMI, z scoreb | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.5 ± 1.1 |
| Weight status according to percentile, n (%) | |||
| <85th | 20 (13.7) | 20 (13.7) | 11 (7.5) |
| ≥85th to <95th | 10 (6.8) | 8 (5.5) | 4 (2.7) |
| ≥95th | 18 (12.3) | 35 (24.0) | 20 (13.7) |
| Overweight parents (BMI of >25 kg/m2), n (%)c | |||
| Neither parent overweight | 3 (2.1) | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) |
| One parent overweight | 4 (2.7) | 7 (4.8) | 8 (5.5) |
| Both parents overweight | 41 (28.1) | 51 (34.9) | 27 (18.5) |
| Reported dieting, n (%)d | |||
| Never dieted | 35 (24.0) | 45 (30.8) | 21 (14.4) |
| ≥1 diet | 13 (8.9) | 18 (12.3) | 14 (9.6) |
| Reported binge eating, n (%)e | |||
| No binge eating in past 6 mo | 34 (23.3) | 42 (28.8) | 24 (16.4) |
| ≥1 episode of binge eating in past 6 mo | 14 (9.6) | 21 (14.4) | 11 (7.5) |
| Depressive symptoms scoref | 8.7 ± 6.9 | 7.8 ± 6.1 | 5.1 ± 4.2 |
| Disordered eating attitudes scoreg | 9.7 ± 8.7 | 9.5 ± 7.3 | 8.6 ± 5.2 |
Values are means ± SD unless otherwise indicated.
For socioeconomic status, higher numbers are indicative of lower social status (range: 1–5).
BMI z scores indicate BMI accounting for differences among growing children based on their age and gender.12,13
Data were unavailable for 3 adopted subjects (2.1%), all of whom were overweight at baseline.
For 5 children, the Adolescent Health Habits Survey was not completed; demographic data for these children are included in the “never dieted” category.
For 12 children, the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns was not completed; demographic data for these children are included in the “no binge eating” category.
Children’s Depression Inventory Total Scale scores may range from 0 to 54; a score of ≥19 is indicative of clinical depression.
ChEAT scores may range from 0 to 78; a score of ≥20 identifies disturbed versus nondisturbed eaters.