Table 2.

The 16 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) studied; with country, year of study, age groups and total number of children included in this analysis.

Country	Year of Study	Age in months	Totala		Mean Z-scoresa		P-value
			Male	Female	Male	Female
Zimbabwe	1999	0–59	1335	1297	-1.16 (1.5)	-0.97 (1.6)	0.002
Zambia	2001/02	0–59	2723	2707	-1.94 (1.5)	-1.84 (1.6)	0.011
Zambia	1996	0–59	2688	2815	-1.80 (1.5)	-1.74 (1.5)	0.147
Uganda	2000/01	0–59	2548	2597	-1.62 (1.5)	-1.55 (1.4)	0.058
Uganda	1995/6	0–47	2204	2315	-1.57 (1.5)	-1.38 (1.5)	< 0.001
Tanzania	1999	0–59	1272	1242	-1.71 (1.3)	-1.64 (1.3)	0.170
Tanzania	1996	0–59	2668	2558	-1.83 (1.4)	-1.70 (1.5)	0.002
Nigeria	2003	0–59	2165	2128	-1.55 (1.8)	-1.39 (1.8)	0.002
Nigeria	1999	0–35	739	717	-1.76 (2.1)	-1.50 (2.1)	0.017
Namibia	2000	0–59	1472	1437	-1.03 (1.4)	-0.91 (1.4)	0.019
Malawi	2000	0–59	4557	4605	-1.88 (1.6)	-1.75 (1.6)	< 0.001
Kenya	2003	0–59	2366	2353	-1.29 (1.5)	-1.08 (1.6)	< 0.001
Kenya	1998	0–35	1451	1448	-1.29 (1.7)	-1.15 (1.6)	0.026
Ghana	2003	0–59	1567	1527	-1.42 (1.4)	-1.20 (1.5)	< 0.001
Ghana	1998	0–59	1288	1338	-1.26 (1.5)	-1.12 (1.5)	0.026
Cameroon	1998	0–59	905	879	-1.17 (1.6)	-1.03 (1.5)	0.056
All studies	1995 to 2003	0–59	31948	31963	-1.59 (1.6)	-1.46 (1.6)	< 0.001

^aValues include only children with complete data on height and age, and who were not flagged

In addition a comparison of the mean z scores (standard deviation) for height-for-age between male and female children, and p-values for the difference is indicated.