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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Detect Prev. 2007 Feb 20;31(1):50–58. doi: 10.1016/j.cdp.2006.12.004

TABLE 2.

Predictive Markers in Breasts of Women with a Suspicious Mammogram, Pathologic Nipple Discharge and/or Palpable Lesion Requiring Biopsy1

Predictive Markers Cancer No Cancer N Mean SEM2 Median P value
N % N %
Cytology 59 149 208
 Inadequate 34 58 103 69
 Benign 20 34 36 24
 Atypical 3 5 10 7
 Malignant 2 3 0 0 0.056
Palpable 59 149 208
 Yes 34 34 67 66 101
 No 25 23 82 77 107 0.135
PSA(ng/g)2 121
 Cancer 37 1477.4 898.6 19.0
 No Cancer 84 1464.6 655.2 57.6 0.180
hK2(ng/g)2 106
 Cancer 36 37.4 22.5 0.0
 No Cancer 70 42.1 17.2 0.0 0.463
bFGF (ng/g)2 101
 Cancer 34 41.6 17.4 3.5
 No Cancer 67 4.8 2.3 0.0 0.005
SPF2 66
 Cancer 18 16.2 5.6 5.8
 No Cancer 48 7.9 1.7 4.3 0.031
DNA Index 65
 Cancer 18 1.2 0.1 1.08
 No Cancer 47 1.1 0.0 1.05 0.383
1

: not all biomarkers were analyzed in all subjects

2

: bFGF: basic fibroblast growth factor; ng/g: hK2: human glandular kallikrein 2; nanogram of biomarker/gram total protein; PSA: prostate specific antigen; SEM: standard error of the mean; SPF: S phase fraction