Table 1.
Left ventricular function at baseline, during, and after volume overload in the control and diabetic groups.
| Parameter | Group (n = 7) | BASELINE | VOLUME OVERLOAD | POST VOLUME OVERLOAD | ||||
| 1 min | 2 min | 3 min | 1 min | 2 min | 3 min | |||
| LVSP | C | 136 ± 4.7 | 125 ± 6.5 | 135 ± 7 | 134 ± 6 | 139 ± 7.8 | 134 ± 8.8 | 138 ± 6 |
| (mm Hg) | D | 114 ± 6* | 116 ± 5.8* | 112 ± 5 * | 114 ± 6 * | 107 ± 10 * | 102 ± 4 * | 107 ± 10* |
| LVEDP | C | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 7.8 ± 0.6 | 8.0 ± 0.6 | 9.1 ± 0.56 | 11 ± 1.3 | 9 ± 1.1 | 9.4 ± 1.1 |
| (mm Hg) | D | 7.4 ± 0.2* | 9.9 ± 0.5*# | 12.3 ± 0.55*# | 11.5 ± 0.72*# | 17 ± 1.3 *#† | 16 ± 0.7 *#† | 15 ± 1.1 *#† |
| HR | C | 350 ± 14 | 327 ± 10 | 333 ± 11.5 | 340 ± 7.5 | 352 ± 5 | 360 ± 6 | 360 ± 6 |
| (beats/min) | D | 307 ± 8.5* | 300 ± 6 * | 300 ± 7* | 302 ± 7* | 297 ± 1.5* | 298 ± 2* | 294 ± 3.5 * |
| +dP/dt max | C | 9229 ± 463 | 8052 ± 741 | 8699 ± 653 | 8595 ± 457 | 8858 ± 504 | 9273 ± 569 | 9264 ± 603 |
| (mm Hg/sec) | D | 6566 ± 609 * | 5861 ± 584 * | 5760 ± 770 * | 6087 ± 1017* | 5320 ± 1287 * | 5844 ± 1217* | 5712 ± 1247* |
| -dP/dt max | C | -6845 ± 379 | -6446 ± 576 | -6543 ± 600 | -6139 ± 514 | -6672 ± 646 | -6320 ± 858 | -6272 ± 707 |
| (mm Hg/sec) | D | -4746 ± 589* | -4804 ± 580* | -4678 ± 580* | -4152 ± 694* | -3706 ± 614 * | -3557 ± 561* | -3246 ± 653* |
Data are reported as means ± SEM; LVSP: left ventricle systolic pressure; HR: heart rate; LVEDP: left ventricle end diastolic pressure; +dP/dt max: maximum rate of left ventricle pressure rise; -dP/dt max: maximum rate of left ventricle pressure fall; C: control group; D: diabetic group. * P ≤ 0.05 vs. controls; #P < 0.05 vs. baseline values; † P < 0.05 vs. volume overload values (2-way ANOVA).