Figure 3.

GS-NO and NOR-1 dose dependently down-regulate membrane ICAM-1 expression induced by IFN-γ and TNF-α in keratinocytes. Keratinocytes from either healthy individuals (A–C) and psoriatic patients (D–F) were activated with IFN-γ and TNF-α in the presence or not of GSH, GS-NO, or NOR-1. After 24 hours, cells were detached and analyzed by flow cytometry using a fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-ICAM-1 mAb. In A, B, D, and E, black bold lines represent keratinocytes treated with IFN-γ/TNF-α and GSH (2.5 mmol/L). Gray lines show cells treated with 2.5 mmol/L of GS-NO (A, D) or 2.5 mmol/L of NOR-1 (B, E). Thin lines represent ICAM-1 expression of unstimulated keratinocytes. In C and F, ICAM-1 expression was evaluated on IFN-γ/TNF-α-stimulated keratinocytes co-treated with grading doses of GS-H (○), GS-NO (□), or NOR-1 (▪). Numbers indicate the net mean fluorescence intensity. Similar results were confirmed in keratinocytes from two healthy patients and three psoriatic patients.