Table 3.

Major Pathologic Findings for Five Inhalational Anthrax Patients Who Died

Pathology	Patient 1	Patient 5	Patient 6	Patient 10*	Patient 11
Duration of antibiotic treatment in relation to time of death	82 hours	11 hours	3 hours	55 hours	95 hours
Skin lesions	None	Dermal hematoma	None	None	None
Pleural fluid†	R: >1000 cc	R: 1300 cc	R: 250 cc	R: 2,500 cc	R: 1,000 cc
	L: >1000 cc	L: 700 cc	L: 500 cc	L: 1,000 cc	L: 800 cc
Mediastinal lymph nodes	Hemorrhage, necrosis, effacement	Hemorrhage, necrosis, immunoblasts, neutrophils	Hemorrhage, necrosis, immunoblasts, neutrophils	Hemorrhage	Hemorrhage, necrosis, immunoblasts, neutrophils
Pleurae and interhilar septae	Hemorrhage	Hemorrhage, inflammation	Hemorrhage		Inflammation
Lung parenchyma	Focal hyaline membranes	Unremarkable	Prominent intra-alveolar macrophages	Prominent intra-alveolar macrophages	Peribronchial inflammation, intra-alveolar edema
Spleen	Necrosis	Congestion, immunoblasts	Congestion, immunoblasts, neutrophils		Congestion
Intestine	Focal hemorrhage	Unremarkable	Focal hemorrhage and inflammation		Unremarkable
Gram-positive bacilli	None	Present in all tissues	Present in all tissues	Present in lymph node	None
Location of bacilli with Steiner stain	Thoracic and abdominal tissues	Thoracic and abdominal tissues	Thoracic and abdominal tissues	Mediastinal lymph node	Mediastinal tissues, lung
IHC staining in thoracic tissues‡	Abundant	Abundant	Abundant	Abundant	Abundant
IHC staining in liver and spleen	Present	Present	Present		Negative

*Limited amounts of tissue available for study.

^†, Amount of pleural fluid on right (R) and left (L) pleural cavity.

^‡, Thoracic tissues include mediastinal lymph nodes and soft tissues and pleurae.