Table 1.
Effects of Vitamin E, Probucol, or Trolox on Percent FBGC Formation
| Concentration (μmol/L) | Vitamin E | Probucol | Trolox | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No IL-4 | + IL-4 | No IL-4 | + IL-4 | No IL-4 | + IL-4 | |
| 0 | 0 ± 0 | 51 ± 12 | 0 ± 0 | 51 ± 12 | 0 ± 0 | 51 ± 12 |
| 10 | 30 ± 8* | 70 ± 28 | 3 ± 2 | 27 ± 5* | 1 ± 1 | 25 ± 14 |
| 50 | 40 ± 10* | 94 ± 12* | 3 ± 3 | 26 ± 4* | 1 ± 1 | 20 ± 12* |
| 100 | 39 ± 12* | 100 ± 5* | 2 ± 2 | 26 ± 13 | 0 ± 0 | 19 ± 16* |
| 250 | 32 ± 18* | 89 ± 17* | 1 ± 1 | 25 ± 8* | 3 ± 3 | 13 ± 10* |
Day 3 monocyte-derived macrophages were treated without (No) or with (+) 10 ng/ml of IL-4 and different concentrations of the indicated agents, incubated until day 7, fixed with methanol, and stained with May-Grünwald/Giemsa. Percent adhesion was determined by averaging the number of adherent macrophages in two low-power fields (×20) and expressing the result as a percentage of otherwise untreated macrophages. The macrophage fusion index, ie, the fraction of nuclei within multinucleated giant cells (cells with >2 nuclei) was determined for the same microscopic fields. This value was then multiplied by percent adhesion for each sample to obtain percent FBGC formation.
*Significantly different from control values without or with IL-4 and no other additive (P < 0.05).